Roof maintenance services Miami

Roof maintenance services Miami

Energy-efficient roofing

It's this level of dedication and personal involvement that has solidified Big G Roofing as a pillar in the Miami community. Every shingle, tile, or panel is installed with precision, ensuring your roof withstands the test of time and weather. At Big G Roofing, we offer a comprehensive range of roofing services tailored to meet your every need. Learn more about Roof maintenance services Miami here This offer isn't just about affordability; it's about accessibility and ease, ensuring that financial constraints don't compromise the quality of your roofing needs.
Choosing Big G Roofing means opting for a partner that's committed to your business's success.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Insured roofing company

  1. Roof flashing repair
  2. Emergency roof repair
  3. Roof installation
  4. Roof replacement
  5. Roof algae removal
  6. Eco-friendly roofing
  7. Asphalt shingle roofing
  8. Re-roofing services
  9. Roof skylight repair
  10. Roofing consultation
  11. Licensed roofing contractor
  12. Metal roofing
  13. Roof project financing
  14. Full-service roofing contractor
  15. Roofing ventilation systems
  16. Flat roof drainage
  17. Roof warranty
  18. Commercial roof inspection
  19. Roofing permit assistance
  20. Roof snow removal
They're meticulously planning and executing every step, from the initial inspection to the final touches. Our team values your trust, and we work hard to ensure that every interaction with Big G Roofing exceeds your expectations.
That's why they'll make sure every nail is correctly placed, every tile is perfectly aligned, and every customer's expectation isn't just met but exceeded. Learn more about Big G Roofing & More, Inc. here. Every roofer on the team brings a wealth of experience and a keen eye for detail, ensuring that nothing is overlooked. You'll have the opportunity to select from a wide range of materials, from traditional asphalt shingles to modern metal roofing or even eco-friendly options like solar tiles.
They're not just workers; they're craftsmen who take pride in every project, big or small.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof decking

  1. Roof ice dam removal
  2. Roof truss repair
  3. Leak-resistant roofing
  4. Roof flashing repair
  5. Emergency roof repair
  6. Roof installation
  7. Roof replacement
  8. Roof algae removal
  9. Eco-friendly roofing
  10. Asphalt shingle roofing
  11. Re-roofing services
  12. Roof skylight repair
  13. Roofing consultation
  14. Licensed roofing contractor
  15. Metal roofing
  16. Roof project financing
  17. Full-service roofing contractor
Choosing Big G Roofing means you're in control of your roofing project's budget from start to finish. Exceptional service from start to finish!'Lastly, Elena R. from Miami Beach raves, 'Choosing Big G Roofing was the best decision for our home.

It's this level of reliability and support that sets Big G Roofing apart in Miami's competitive roofing industry. It's a smart move, especially for those unexpected roofing needs that can arise suddenly. Plus, they're expanding their team, bringing in experts with fresh ideas and advanced skills to ensure that they stay at the forefront of roofing innovation. Elevating your home's curb appeal not only captures the admiration of passersby but also significantly boosts its market value. Sagging roof repair They've fine-tuned their pricing model to ensure you're getting top-notch service without breaking the bank.

This resilience translates to fewer repairs and replacements down the line, saving you money and hassle. Understanding the crucial role weather resilience plays in your roofing system, we've designed our services to withstand Miami's unique climate challenges. With over two decades of experience, they've mastered the art of protecting properties against Miami's fierce hurricanes and relentless rainstorms. From the moment you reach out, you're met with a team eager to listen and address your needs.

It's designed to be straightforward and user-friendly, ensuring you won't get bogged down in unnecessary details. We're not just about fixing roofs; we're about building lasting relationships with our clients. You're likely seeking a balance between quality and cost, and that's where Big G Roofing excels. Reputable roofing services We're thrilled with the results and the peace of mind that comes with their workmanship warranty.'John D. in Little Havana adds, 'After a major storm, we were in dire need of roof repairs.

Moreover, you'll get to choose colors and styles that complement your home's architecture and personal taste. By using the latest technology in planning and execution, they cut down unnecessary delays, making sure your life returns to normal as quickly as possible. Their team doesn't just install roofs; they ensure each project meets their high standards of excellence, integrating the latest technology and materials. They've partnered with top manufacturers to ensure that the materials used on your roof are of the highest quality and backed by long-term guarantees.

Miami roofing repair specialists

Miami is a coastal city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida. It is the core of the Miami metropolitan area, which, with a population of 6.14 million, is the second-largest metropolitan area in the Southeast after Atlanta, and the ninth-largest in the United States. With a population of 442,241 as of the 2020 census, Miami is the second-most populous city in Florida, after Jacksonville. Miami has the third-largest skyline in the U.S. with over 300 high-rises, 70 of which exceed 491 ft (150 m).

Commercial roof replacement Miami

Nearby roofing company miami

Real Roofing Contractor Miami Inc

Wynwood Art District
Roofing contractor
Real Roofing Contractor Miami Inc, 2150 NW 5th Ave, Miami, FL 33127


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Miami roof repair estimates

They'll guide you through the selection process, making sure you're well-informed and confident in your choice. Building on the promise of the Big G Guarantee, let's hear directly from customers who've experienced our commitment to excellence firsthand. Firstly, you'll enjoy the benefit of a 0% interest rate for a predetermined period. What's more, you'll notice a recurring theme in these reviews: reliability.

By offering 0% down financing, Big G Roofing is essentially extending a helping hand to ensure your home remains safe and protected, without straining your budget. You're probably aware that the weather here can shift dramatically, posing a constant threat to the integrity of your roof. Regular roof maintenance is crucial in extending the lifespan of your home's covering and preventing costly repairs down the line.

It's their way of ensuring that no roof is beyond repair due to financial constraints. This is because they've mastered the art of blending expertise in roofing with an unyielding commitment to customer satisfaction. HOA roofing compliance They'll conduct a thorough assessment, offer a clear, concise explanation of what needs to be done, and get straight to work.

Their local insight extends to understanding which roofing materials and styles blend seamlessly with Miami's architectural aesthetics. We understand that your roof is a significant investment that protects your assets, employees, and operations. It's this dedication to putting you first that sets Big G Roofing apart in Miami's competitive roofing industry.

Miami roof repair estimates
Roof deck replacement Miami

Roof deck replacement Miami

Today, you're looking at options like solar tiles, which not only protect your home but can also generate electricity, reducing your energy bills. Moreover, Big G Roofing's emphasis on speedy service delivery sets them apart. Once you've submitted your application, the team at Big G Roofing reviews your information quickly. Whether it's a minor repair or a full replacement, they've got a plan that'll ease the financial pressure. Throughout the project, you'll be kept in the loop with regular updates and progress reports.

They understand that time is of the essence when it comes to your roofing needs.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof replacement estimate

  1. Hail damage roof repair
  2. Roof sealing
  3. HOA roofing compliance
  4. Roofing estimates
  5. Emergency tarping
  6. Roof decking
  7. Reputable roofing services
  8. Gutter repair
  9. Roof replacement estimate
  10. Roof structural repair
  11. White reflective roofing
  12. Mold remediation on roofs
  13. Roofing underlayment
  14. Low-slope roofing
  15. Roofing code compliance
By identifying and addressing potential issues early, they prevent minor problems from escalating into costly repairs. With Big G Roofing, you're not just getting a service provider; you're getting a community member who genuinely cares about keeping your home safe and sound.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Insured roofing company

  • Eco-friendly roofing
  • Asphalt shingle roofing
  • Re-roofing services
  • Roof skylight repair
  • Roofing consultation
  • Licensed roofing contractor
  • Metal roofing
  • Roof project financing
  • Full-service roofing contractor
  • Roofing ventilation systems
  • Flat roof drainage
  • Roof warranty
  • Commercial roof inspection
  • Roofing permit assistance
  • Roof snow removal
  • EPDM roofing
Whether you're looking for traditional asphalt shingles, sleek metal panels, or durable tile roofing, we've got options that offer the best in both aesthetics and functionality.

They also offer free estimates, allowing you to make an informed decision without any upfront commitment. Once you decide to move forward, Big G's team of professionals will get to work. This comprehensive approach ensures that, in the rare event something doesn't meet your expectations or if defects arise, you're not left out in the cold. Moreover, their team's proactive approach includes regular inspections and maintenance, which are key to extending the life of your roof.

Whether it's a minor repair or a full-scale installation, they're committed to finishing your project within the agreed timeframe. This commitment means when you choose us, you're opting for a team that understands the ins and outs of roofing in a way few others do.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof sealing

  • Roofing ventilation systems
  • Flat roof drainage
  • Roof warranty
  • Commercial roof inspection
  • Roofing permit assistance
  • Roof snow removal
  • EPDM roofing
  • Leak detection service
  • Built-up roofing systems
  • Wind damage roof repair
  • Cool roof systems
  • Gutter installation
  • Roof coating
  • Rubber roofing systems
  • Modified bitumen roofing
We use only the highest quality materials, ensuring your roof is durable and long-lasting. This means projects are completed on time, within budget, and with fewer misunderstandings or delays.

Miami roofing reviews

Understanding the unique challenges Miami's weather poses, we ensure your home's protection is our top priority. Whether you're grappling with leaks, damage from a storm, or simply seeking an upgrade, they've got you covered. This is a key step in understanding the scope and cost of your project without any commitment. As word of their meticulous attention to detail and commitment to quality spread, Big G Roofing began to grow.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Energy-efficient roofing

  1. Roof snow removal
  2. EPDM roofing
  3. Leak detection service
  4. Built-up roofing systems
  5. Wind damage roof repair
  6. Cool roof systems
  7. Gutter installation
  8. Roof coating
  9. Rubber roofing systems
  10. Modified bitumen roofing
  11. Emergency roofing contractor
  12. Hail damage roof repair
  13. Reputable roofing services
  14. Gutter repair
  15. Roof replacement estimate
  16. Roof structural repair
  17. White reflective roofing
  18. Mold remediation on roofs
Roofing estimates Big G Roofing selects products known for their resistance to heat, humidity, and hurricanes.

Moreover, they offer flexible monthly payment plans. You're equipped with all the necessary information to make a savvy decision, and Big G Roofing demonstrates their commitment to transparency and customer satisfaction right from the start. They're all about making the process as hassle-free as possible, keeping you updated with progress reports until your roofing project is completed to your satisfaction. In the sprawling city of Miami, where the sun blazes like nowhere else, having a sturdy roof over your head isn't just a luxury-it's a necessity that could rival the importance of air conditioning. Emergency tarping

They're transparent about the process, ensuring you understand every aspect before moving forward. This means you're not facing frequent repairs or replacements. Their success isn't just about the projects they've completed; it's also reflected in the feedback from satisfied customers. So, you can rest easy knowing you're choosing a roofing partner that prioritizes both your financial and home needs.

We understand the importance of a roof that can withstand hurricane-force winds and intense UV exposure.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof structural repair

  • Leak detection service
  • Built-up roofing systems
  • Wind damage roof repair
  • Cool roof systems
  • Gutter installation
  • Roof coating
  • Rubber roofing systems
  • Modified bitumen roofing
  • Emergency roofing contractor
  • Hail damage roof repair
  • Mold remediation on roofs
  • Roofing underlayment
  • Low-slope roofing
  • Roofing code compliance
  • Roof ice dam removal
  • Roof truss repair
  • Leak-resistant roofing
When you choose Big G Roofing, you're not just getting a contractor; you're becoming part of a family that values your trust and strives to earn it every day. Big G Roofing backs up their services with solid warranties, giving you peace of mind long after the job is done. By opting for services like those offered by Big G Roofing, you're not just repairing or upgrading; you're investing in your home's future.

Miami roofing reviews
Roof coating Miami
Roof coating Miami

Moreover, we're proactive about maintenance. You'll find their communication straightforward and consistent. That's why we source only the best, industry-leading materials that can withstand Miami's unique climate – from scorching sun to torrential rains.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof sealing

  • Energy-efficient roofing
  • Roof safety assessment
  • Sagging roof repair
  • Insured roofing company
  • Roof sealing
  • HOA roofing compliance
  • Roofing estimates
  • Emergency tarping
  • Roof decking
  • Reputable roofing services
  • Gutter repair
  • Roof replacement estimate
  • Roof structural repair
  • White reflective roofing
  • Mold remediation on roofs
  • Roofing underlayment
You'll also benefit from our expert advice on how to prolong your roof's life and enhance its functionality.
Big G Roofing offers a range of services designed to meet your specific needs, whether it's a minor repair or a complete replacement. With Big G Roofing, you're not just getting a contractor; you're gaining a trusted ally committed to protecting your home and enhancing its value. By choosing Big G Roofing, you're not just another client; you're a valued member of their community, deserving of nothing less than the best.
You're not just getting a sales pitch; you're receiving expert advice tailored to your home's unique characteristics and your personal preferences. You don't have to wait agonizing hours or days for a solution; they understand the urgency of leaks, damages from storms, or any unforeseen roofing problems. As we peel back the layers of this company's history, you'll discover the secrets behind their longevity and how they've managed to weather Miami's storms, both literally and figuratively, standing strong as a beacon of trust and quality for more than 20 years. Read more about Roof maintenance services Miami here
Our team consists of certified roofing specialists, skilled craftsmen, and customer service experts, all working together to ensure your roofing project exceeds your expectations. You'll find stories of leaky roofs transformed into sturdy shelters, all while sticking to tight budgets. Our craftsmen undergo continuous training, staying ahead of industry standards and innovations, so you're guaranteed a roof that's not only built to last but also incorporates the latest in roofing technology.

Roof upgrade services Miami

You're not just getting a roof; you're investing in a fortress.

Roof maintenance services Miami - Roof replacement estimate

  1. Emergency roofing contractor
  2. Hail damage roof repair
  3. Roof structural repair
  4. White reflective roofing
  5. Mold remediation on roofs
  6. Roofing underlayment
  7. Low-slope roofing
  8. Roofing code compliance
  9. Roof ice dam removal
  10. Roof truss repair
  11. Leak-resistant roofing
  12. Roof flashing repair
  13. Emergency roof repair
  14. Roof installation
  15. Roof replacement
  16. Roof algae removal
First off, you'll need to reach out to them, either through their website or by giving them a call. Roof safety assessment It's not about cutting corners; it's about smart management and leveraging volume discounts on high-quality materials. Big G Roofing's commitment to customer satisfaction and financial inclusivity shines through this offer, making it a golden opportunity for you to secure your home's roofing needs without the usual financial burden. We prioritize your needs, ensuring minimal disruption to your operations.
And for those interested in green solutions, we offer eco-friendly roofing options that not only benefit the environment but also lead to energy savings. They've turned to Big G Roofing and haven't looked back since. Solar power can drastically cut your reliance on traditional energy sources, lower your energy bills, and reduce your carbon footprint. You're kept in the loop, with clear communication and no hidden costs.
Beyond our commercial roofing excellence, Big G Roofing offers comprehensive routine maintenance programs to keep your business's roof in top condition. You're not just hiring a team; you're partnering with a company that values quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction above all. They've built a solid foundation of trust within the community, with countless satisfied customers attesting to their professionalism, timeliness, and exceptional workmanship. Whether you're looking for traditional asphalt shingles known for their cost-effectiveness and durability, or you're interested in the sleek, modern look of metal roofing that can withstand the harshest weather conditions, they've got you covered.
You'll appreciate how they stick to their schedule, barring unforeseen circumstances like extreme weather. Whether you're looking for repair, replacement, or a brand-new installation, we've got you covered. Their team is fully licensed and insured, giving you peace of mind knowing you're in capable hands. You'll find a range of discounts and promotions designed to fit various budgets and project sizes.

Explore Roof maintenance services Miami here
Roof upgrade services Miami
Roofer
Roofers working on a bungalow in Brompton, Quebec
Occupation
Occupation type
Vocational
Activity sectors
Construction
Description
Competencies Heights, patience, steady hand, ability to read plans, physically strong
Education required
Apprenticeship
Fields of
employment
Construction
Related jobs
Carpenter, Electrician, Plumber, Welder
Roofers laying a tiled roof in Denver, Colorado
A German roofer installing a reed roof, wearing the traditional vest and trousers of a craftsperson

A roofer, roof mechanic, or roofing contractor is a tradesman who specializes in roof construction. Roofers replace, repair, and install the roofs of buildings, using a variety of materials, including shingles, single-ply, bitumen, and metal. Roofing work includes the hoisting, storage, application, and removal of roofing materials and equipment, including related insulation, sheet metal, vapor barrier work, and green technologies rooftop jobs such as vegetative roofs, rainwater harvesting systems, and photovoltaic products, such as solar shingles and solar tiles.[1][2]

Roofing work can be physically demanding because it may involve heavy lifting, climbing, bending, and kneeling, often in extreme weather conditions.[1] Roofers are also vulnerable to falls from heights due to working at elevated heights. Various protective measures are required in many countries. In the United States these requirement are established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to address this concern.[3][4][5] Several resources from occupational health agencies are available on implementing the required and other recommended interventions.[6][7][8]

Global usage

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According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2022, there were 129,300 individuals working as roofers in the construction industry. Among that population, a majority of roofers (93%; 119,800) were contractors for Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior projects.[9][10] In terms of jobs outlook, it is predicted that there will only be a 2% increase in job growth from 2022 to 2032 in the United States. Approximately 12,200 openings are expected each year in this decade. Most of the new jobs are likely to be offered to replace roofers who retire or transition out of the trade.[1]

In Australia, this type of carpenter is called a roof carpenter and the term roofer refers to someone who installs the roof cladding (tiles, tin, etc.). The number of roofers in Australia was estimated to be approximately 15,000. New South Wales is the largest province with an 29% market share in the Australian Roofers industry (4,425 companies). Second is Victoria with 3,206 Roofers (21%).[11]

In the United States and Canada, they're often referred to as roofing contractors or roofing professionals. The most common roofing material in the United States is asphalt shingles. In the past, 3-tab shingles were used, but recent trends show "architectural" or "dimensional" shingles becoming very popular.[12]

Depending on the region, other commonly applied roofing materials installed by roofers include concrete tiles, clay tiles, natural or synthetic slate, single-ply (primarily EPDM rubber, PVC, or TPO), rubber shingles (made from recycled tires), glass, metal panels or shingles, wood shakes or shingles, liquid-applied, hot asphalt/rubber, foam, thatch, and solar tiles. "Living roof" systems, or rooftop landscapes, have become increasingly common in recent years in both residential and commercial applications.[13][14]

Roles, responsibilities, and tasks

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Roofers in Lichtenberg in 1984
Credit: Bernd Settnik, German Federal Archives

Roles and responsibilities of roofing professionals include:[1]

  • Assessing the roof system and components (may include decking and structural components)
  • Determining the proper roofing system for the building
  • Installing roof system components according to manufacturer’s specifications
  • Repairing the roof system
  • Maintenance of the roof system

Beyond having common duties such as replacing, repairing, or installing roofs for buildings, roofers can also be involved in other tasks, including but is not limited to:

  • Seal exposed heads of nails or screws using roofing cement or caulk to avert possible water infiltration
  • Tailor roofing materials to accommodate architectural elements such as walls or vents
  • Align the installed materials with the roof's edges to ensure a proper fit
  • Apply various roofing materials such as shingles, asphalt, metal, etc., to render the roof impervious to weather conditions
  • Establish roof ventilation mechanisms to regulate airflow and control temperature fluctuations
  • Set up moisture barriers or insulation layers to improve the roof's thermal performance
  • Dismantle the current roof systems to make ways for repairs or new installations
  • Substitute impaired or decaying joists or plywood to maintain the roof's structural integrity
  • Assess roof dimensions to assess the necessary amount of required materials
  • Conduct evaluations on problematic roofs to determine the most effective repair approach

Hazards

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Roofing is one of the most dangerous professions among construction occupations since it involves working at heights and exposes workers to dangerous weather conditions such as extreme heat.[15] In the United States as of 2017, the rate of fatalities from falls among roofers is 36 deaths per 100,000 full-time employees, ten times greater than all construction-related professions combined.[16] In the United States, the fatal injury rate in 2021 was 59.0 per 100,000 full-time roofers, compared to the national average of 3.6 per 100,000 full-time employees.[17] According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, roofing has been within the top 5 highest death rates of any profession for over 10 years in a row.[18] For Hispanic roofers, data from 2001–2008 show fatal injuries from falls account for nearly 80% of deaths in this population, the highest cause of death among Hispanics of any construction trade.[19][20]

A major contributing factor to the high fatality rates among roofers in the United States is the nature of the craft which requires roofers to work on elevated, slanted roof surfaces. Findings from qualitative interviews with Michigan roofing contractors also found hand and finger injuries from handling heavy material and back injuries to be some of the more common task/injury combinations.[21]

Ladder falls contribute to the rates of injury and mortality. More than half a million people per year are treated for fall from ladder and over 3000 people die as a result.[22] In 2014 the estimated cost annual cost of ladder injuries, including time away from work, medical, legal, liability expenses was estimated to reach $24 billion.[22] Male, Hispanic, older, self-employed workers and those who work in smaller establishments, and work doing construction, maintenance, and repair experience higher ladder fall injury rates when compared with women and non-Hispanic whites and persons of other races/ethnicities.[23]

Ladders allow for roofers to access upper level work surfaces. For safe use, ladder must be inspected for damage by a competent person and must be used on stable and level surfaces unless they are secured to prevent displacement.[3]

Safety measures

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Nearly every industrialized country has established specific safety regulations for work on the roof, ranging from the use of conventional fall protection systems including personal fall arrest systems, guardrail systems, and safety nets.

The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work describes scenarios of risk (fall prevention, falling materials, types of roofs), precautions, training needed and European legislation focused on roof work.[6] European directives set minimum standards for health and safety and are transposed into law in all Member States.

In the United States, OSHA standards require employers to have several means of fall protection available to ensure the safety of workers. In construction, this applies to workers who are exposed to falls of 6 feet or more above lower levels.[3][24] In the United States, regulation of the roofing trade is left up to individual states. Some states leave roofing regulation up to city-level, county-level, and municipal-level jurisdictions. Unlicensed contracting of projects worth over a set threshold may result in stiff fines or even time in prison. In some states, roofers are required to meet insurance and roofing license guidelines. Roofers are also required to display their license number on their marketing material.

Canada's rules are very similar to those from the U.S., and regulatory authority depends on where the business is located and fall under the authority of their local province.

In 2009, in response to high rates of falls in constructions the Japanese Occupational Safety and Health Regulations and Guidelines amended their specific regulations. In 2013 compliance was low and the need for further research and countermeasures for preventing falls and ensuring fall protection from heights was identified.[25]

The United Kingdom has no legislation in place that requires a roofer to have a license to trade, although some do belong to recognized trade organizations.[26]

Personal fall arrest system (PFAS)

[edit]

The purpose of a PFAS is to halt a fall and prevent the worker from making bodily contact with a surface below. The PFAS consists of an anchorage, connectors, body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline or suitable combination of these.

Beyond these mandatory components of the PFAS, there are also specific fall distances associated with the functioning of the arrest system. Specifically, there is a total fall distance that the PFAS must allow for to assist the worker in avoiding contact with the ground or other surface below. The total fall distance consists of free fall distance, deceleration distance, D-ring shift, Back D-ring height, and Safety margin. In addition to the fall distance requirements for each component of the PFAS, the anchorage of the PFAS must also be able to support a minimum 5,000 pounds per worker.[4]

OSHA regulations have several requirements. The free fall distance, to the distance that the worker drops before the PFAS begins to work and slows the speed of the fall, must be 6 feet or less, nor contact any lower level. The deceleration, the length that the lanyard must stretch in order to arrest the fall must be no more than 3.5 feet.[4] The D-ring shift, the distance that the harness stretches and how far the D-ring itself moves when it encounters the full weight of the worker during a fall, is generally assumed to be 1 foot, depending on the equipment design and the manufacturer of the harness. For the back D-ring height, the distance between the D-ring and the sole of the worker's footwear, employers often use 5 feet as the standard height with the assumption that the worker will be 6 feet in height, but because the D-ring height variability can affect the safety of the system, the back D-ring height must be calculated based on the actual height of the worker. The safety margin, the additional distance that is needed to ensure sufficient clearance between the worker and the surface beneath the worker after a fall occurs, is generally considered to be a minimum of 2 feet.[3]

Fall restraint system

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A fall restraint system is a type of fall protection system where, the goal is to stop workers from reaching the unprotected sides or edges of a working area in which a fall can subsequently occur. This system is useful where a worker may lose their footing near an unprotected edge or begin sliding. In such a case, the fall restraint system will restrain further movement of the worker toward the unprotected side or edge and prevent a serious fall. Although fall restraint systems are not explicitly defined or mentioned in OSHA's fall protection standards for construction,[24][4] they are allowed by OSHA as specified in an OSHA letter of interpretation last updated in 2004.[27] OSHA does not have any specific requirements for fall restraint systems, but recommends that any fall restraint system be capable of withstanding 3,000 pounds or at least twice the maximum predicted force necessary to save the worker from falling to the lower surface.[3] There are no OSHA specifications on the distance from the edge the restraint system must allow for a falling worker, and although a likely very dangerous practice, the OSHA letter of interpretation states that as long as the restraint system prevents the employee from falling off an edge, the employee can be restrained to "within inches of the edge."[27]

Guardrail system

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Guardrail systems serve as an alternative to PFAS and fall restraint systems by having permanent or temporary guardrails around the perimeter of the roof and any roof openings. OSHA requires the height of the top of the rail to be 39-45 inches above the working surface. Mid-rails must be installed midway between the top of the top rail and the walking/working surface when there is no parapet wall at least 21 inches high. Guardrail systems must be capable of withstanding 200-pounds of force in any outward or downward direction applied within 2 inches of the top edge of the rail.[3][24]

Safety net system

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Safety net systems use a tested safety net adjacent to and below the edge of the walking/working surface to catch a worker who may fall off the roof. Safety nets must be installed as close as practicable under the surface where the work is being performed and shall extend outward from the outermost projection of the work surface as follows:[4]

 
Vertical distance from working level to horizontal plane of net Minimum required horizontal distance of outer edge of net from the edge of net from the edge of the working surface
Up to 5 feet 8 feet
More than 5 feet up to 10 feet 10 feet
More than 10 feet 13 feet

[4]

Safety nets must be drop-tested with a 400-pound bag of sand, or submit a certification record prior to its initial use.[4]

Warning line system

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Warning lines systems consist of ropes, wires, or chains which are marked every 6 feet with high-visibility material, and must be supported in such a way so that it is between 34 and 39 inches above the walking/working surface.[4] Warning lines are passive systems that allow for a perimeter to be formed around the working area so that workers are aware of dangerous edges. Warning lines are only permitted on roofs with a low slope (having a slope of less than or equal to 4 inches of vertical rise for every 12 inches horizontal length (4:12)).[28] In the context of roofing fall protection, warning line systems may only be used in combination with a guardrail system, a safety net system, a personal fall arrest system, or a safety monitoring system. The warning line system must be erected around all sides of the roof work area.[4]

Safety monitoring systems

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Safety monitoring systems use safety monitors to monitor the safety of other workers on the roof. Safety monitors must be competent to recognize fall hazards. The safety monitor is tasked to ensure the safety of other workers on the roof and must be able to orally warn an employee when they are in an unsafe situation.[4]

Resources

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Multi-layered approaches to fall prevention and protection that use the hierarchy of controls can help to prevent fall injuries, incidents, and fatalities in the roofing industry.[7][8] The hierarchy of controls is a way of determining which actions will best control exposures. The hierarchy of controls has five levels of actions to reduce or remove hazards – elimination, substitution, and engineering controls are among the preferred preventive actions based on general effectiveness.

Resources are available to assist with the implementation of fall safety measures in the roofing industry such as fall prevention plans,[23][29] a ladder safety mobile application,[30] infographics and tipsheets,[31] toolbox talks,[32] videos and webinars,[1] and safety leadership training.[2] Many of these resources are available in Spanish and additional languages other than English. The recommended safety measures are described next.

[edit]

Job outlook

[edit]

In terms of job outlooks, it is predicted that there will only be an 1% increase in job growth from 2021 to 2032. The job openings (15,000) are expected to replace roofers who will retire or transition out of the trade.[9]

Solar roofs

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Solar Roof installation is one of the fastest growing trends in the roofing industry due to the nature of solar roofs being environmentally friendly and a worthwhile economic investment. Specifically, solar roofs have been found to allow homeowners to potentially save 40-70% on electric bills depending on the number of tiles installed.[33] The US federal government has also begun incentivizing homeowners to install solar roofs with potential eligibility for 30% tax credit on the cost of a solar system based on federal income taxes.[34]

Metal roofs

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Across 14 researched markets, roofing contracting companies have reported that they have received more frequent calls regarding potential metal roof installations. For instance, one company used to receive 5-6 calls in total regarding metal installations but recently, they have received 5-6 calls weekly for inquiries regarding metal roof installations.[35]

See also

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[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Roofers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics". www.bls.gov. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
  2. ^ OSHA Reg Source: OSHA [2014]. Safety and Health Regulations for Construction 1926 subpart M, fall protection, OSHA Standard 1926.500 - Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (osha.gov) Federal Register 79 FR 20696, July 10, 2014 1926.500(b) Definitions. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1926/1926.500
  3. ^ a b c d e f Occupational Safety and Health Administration. "Protecting Roofing Workers" (PDF). Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "1926.502 - Fall protection systems criteria and practices. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration". www.osha.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  5. ^ "About the Stand-Down | Stop Construction Falls". stopconstructionfalls.com. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  6. ^ a b "Safe roofwork" (PDF). European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
  7. ^ a b "Planning a Multi-Layered Approach to Fall Prevention and Protection" (PDF). Center for Construction Research and Training. 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  8. ^ a b Prevent construction falls from roofs, ladders, and scaffolds (Report). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2019-11-01. doi:10.26616/nioshpub2019128revised112019.
  9. ^ a b "Employment by industry, occupation, and percent distribution, 2022 and projected 2032". U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
  10. ^ "Occupational Employment and Wages: Roofers". U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. May 2022. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  11. ^ "Roofing Services in Australia - Market Size, Industry Analysis, Trends and Forecasts (2023-2028)| IBISWorld". www.ibisworld.com. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  12. ^ "Architectural Shingles vs 3 tab Shingles". roofpedia.com. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  13. ^ See List of commercially available roofing material
  14. ^ "How Roofing Materials Work". HowStuffWorks. 2009-01-09. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  15. ^ Christie, Les (September 11, 2014). "America's most dangerous jobs". CNN Business. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  16. ^ Dong, Xiuwen Sue; Jackson, Rebecca; Varda, Danielle; Betit, Eileen; Bunting, Jessica (2019). "Trends of Fall Injuries and Prevention in the Construction Industry" (PDF). The Center for Construction Research and Training. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
  17. ^ "Fatal occupational injuries, total hours worked, and rates1 of fatal occupational injuries by selected worker characteristics, occupations, and industries, civilian workers, 2021". U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  18. ^ "2011-2021 Archived Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries News Releases". U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  19. ^ Dong, Xiuwen Sue; Wang, Xuanwen; Daw, Christina (December 2010). "Fatal and Nonfatal Injuries among Hispanic Construction Workers, 1992-2008" (PDF). The Center for Construction Research and Training. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
  20. ^ "Archived news releases : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics". www.bls.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  21. ^ Fredericks, Tycho K.; Abudayyeh, Osama; Choi, Sang D.; Wiersma, Mike; Charles, Marcia (November 2005). "Occupational Injuries and Fatalities in the Roofing Contracting Industry". Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 131 (11): 1233–1240. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2005)131:11(1233). ISSN 0733-9364.
  22. ^ a b CPSC, Consumer Product Safety Commission (2014-10-19). "Estimates from the CPSC injury cost model". National Injury Information Clearinghouse. Retrieved 2023-07-07.
  23. ^ a b Socias, Christina M.; Chaumont Menéndez, Cammie K.; Collins, James W.; Simeonov, Peter; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2014-04-25). "Occupational ladder fall injuries - United States, 2011". MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 63 (16): 341–346. ISSN 1545-861X. PMC 4584774. PMID 24759655.
  24. ^ a b c "1926.501 - Duty to have fall protection". www.osha.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  25. ^ OHDO, Katsutoshi; HINO, Yasumichi; TAKAHASHI, Hiroki (2014). "Research on Fall Prevention and Protection from Heights in Japan". Industrial Health. 52 (5): 399–406. doi:10.2486/indhealth.2014-0137. ISSN 0019-8366. PMC 4246528. PMID 25098387.
  26. ^ "7.2.18 Roof coverings". NHBC Standards 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  27. ^ a b "If a fall restraint system could be considered a form of fall protection to be used instead of guardrails, safety lines, or fall arrest systems. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration". www.osha.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  28. ^ "1926.500 - Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration". www.osha.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
  29. ^ Prevent construction falls from roofs, ladders, and scaffolds (Report). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2019-11-01. doi:10.26616/nioshpub2019128revised112019.
  30. ^ "Falls in the Workplace: Ladder Safety Mobile App | NIOSH | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2023-06-05. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  31. ^ "Infographics & Tip Sheets | Stop Construction Falls". stopconstructionfalls.com. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  32. ^ "CPWR Toolbox Talks". CPWR. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  33. ^ Zito, Barbara (2023-05-15). "The Only Solar Shingles Buying Guide You Need". Forbes Home. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
  34. ^ "Homeowner's Guide to the Federal Tax Credit for Solar Photovoltaics". Energy.gov. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
  35. ^ "New Trends in Roofing for 2023 | Roofing Contractor". www.roofingcontractor.com. Retrieved 2023-06-26.

 

 

A roof (pl.: roofs or rooves) is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temperature, and wind.[1] A roof is part of the building envelope.

The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice, and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries, a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.

A roof may also provide additional living space, for example, a roof garden.

Etymology

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Old English hrof[2] 'roof, ceiling, top, summit; heaven, sky', also figuratively, 'highest point of something', from Proto-Germanic *khrofam (cf. Dutch roef 'deckhouse, cabin, coffin-lid', Middle High German rof 'penthouse', Old Norse hrof 'boat shed'). There are no apparent connections outside the Germanic family. "English alone has retained the word in a general sense, for which the other languages use forms corresponding to OE. þæc thatch".[3]

Design elements

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The elements in the design of a roof are:

The material of a roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the world ceramic roof tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles.

The construction of a roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to its highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dry regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and aesthetics. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially to do with practicalities.

Some types of roofing, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost flat roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof.

A person that specializes in roof construction is called a roofer.

The durability of a roof is a matter of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.

Form

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Terminology of some parts of a Western roof

The shape of roofs differs greatly from region to region. The main factors which influence the shape of roofs are the climate and the materials available for roof structure and the outer covering.[4]

The basic shapes of roofs are flat, mono-pitched, gabled, mansard, hipped, butterfly, arched and domed. There are many variations on these types. Roofs constructed of flat sections that are sloped are referred to as pitched roofs (generally if the angle exceeds 10 degrees).[5] Pitched roofs, including gabled, hipped and skillion roofs, make up the greatest number of domestic roofs. Some roofs follow organic shapes, either by architectural design or because a flexible material such as thatch has been used in the construction.

Parts

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There are two parts to a roof: its supporting structure and its outer skin, or uppermost weatherproof layer. In a minority of buildings, the outer layer is also a self-supporting structure.

The roof structure is generally supported upon walls, although some building styles, for example, geodesic and A-frame, blur the distinction between wall and roof.

Support

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The roof of a library in Sweden
Roofs in the central district of Ystad 2022

The supporting structure of a roof usually comprises beams that are long and of strong, fairly rigid material such as timber, and since the mid-19th century, cast iron or steel. In countries that use bamboo extensively, the flexibility of the material causes a distinctive curving line to the roof, characteristic of Oriental architecture.

Timber lends itself to a great variety of roof shapes. The timber structure can fulfil an aesthetic as well as practical function, when left exposed to view.

Stone lintels have been used to support roofs since prehistoric times, but cannot bridge large distances. The stone arch came into extensive use in the ancient Roman period and in variant forms could be used to span spaces up to 45 m (140 ft) across. The stone arch or vault, with or without ribs, dominated the roof structures of major architectural works for about 2,000 years, only giving way to iron beams with the Industrial Revolution and the designing of such buildings as Paxton's Crystal Palace, completed 1851.

With continual improvements in steel girders, these became the major structural support for large roofs, and eventually for ordinary houses as well. Another form of girder is the reinforced concrete beam, in which metal rods are encased in concrete, giving it greater strength under tension.

Roof support can also serve as living spaces as can be seen in roof decking. Roof decking are spaces within the roof structure that is converted into a room of some sort.

Outer layer

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This part of the roof shows great variation dependent upon availability of material. In vernacular architecture, roofing material is often vegetation, such as thatches, the most durable being sea grass with a life of perhaps 40 years. In many Asian countries bamboo is used both for the supporting structure and the outer layer where split bamboo stems are laid turned alternately and overlapped. In areas with an abundance of timber, wooden shingles, shakes and boards are used, while in some countries the bark of certain trees can be peeled off in thick, heavy sheets and used for roofing.

The 20th century saw the manufacture of composition asphalt shingles which can last from a thin 20-year shingle to the thickest which are limited lifetime shingles, the cost depending on the thickness and durability of the shingle. When a layer of shingles wears out, they are usually stripped, along with the underlay and roofing nails, allowing a new layer to be installed. An alternative method is to install another layer directly over the worn layer. While this method is faster, it does not allow the roof sheathing to be inspected and water damage, often associated with worn shingles, to be repaired. Having multiple layers of old shingles under a new layer causes roofing nails to be located further from the sheathing, weakening their hold. The greatest concern with this method is that the weight of the extra material could exceed the dead load capacity of the roof structure and cause collapse. Because of this, jurisdictions which use the International Building Code prohibit the installation of new roofing on top of an existing roof that has two or more applications of any type of roof covering; the existing roofing material must be removed before installing a new roof.[6]

Slate is an ideal, and durable material, while in the Swiss Alps roofs are made from huge slabs of stone, several inches thick. The slate roof is often considered the best type of roofing. A slate roof may last 75 to 150 years, and even longer. However, slate roofs are often expensive to install – in the US, for example, a slate roof may have the same cost as the rest of the house. Often, the first part of a slate roof to fail is the fixing nails; they corrode, allowing the slates to slip. In the UK, this condition is known as "nail sickness". Because of this problem, fixing nails made of stainless steel or copper are recommended, and even these must be protected from the weather.[7]

Asbestos, usually in bonded corrugated panels, has been used widely in the 20th century as an inexpensive, non-flammable roofing material with excellent insulating properties. Health and legal issues involved in the mining and handling of asbestos products means that it is no longer used as a new roofing material. However, many asbestos roofs continue to exist, particularly in South America and Asia.

Roofs made of cut turf (modern ones known as green roofs, traditional ones as sod roofs) have good insulating properties and are increasingly encouraged as a way of "greening" the Earth. The soil and vegetation function as living insulation, moderating building temperatures.[8] Adobe roofs are roofs of clay, mixed with binding material such as straw or animal hair, and plastered on lathes to form a flat or gently sloped roof, usually in areas of low rainfall.

In areas where clay is plentiful, roofs of baked tiles have been the major form of roofing. The casting and firing of roof tiles is an industry that is often associated with brickworks. While the shape and colour of tiles was once regionally distinctive, now tiles of many shapes and colours are produced commercially, to suit the taste and pocketbook of the purchaser. Concrete roof tiles are also a common choice, being available in many different styles and shapes.

Sheet metal in the form of copper and lead has also been used for many hundreds of years. Both are expensive but durable, the vast copper roof of Chartres Cathedral, oxidised to a pale green colour, having been in place for hundreds of years. Lead, which is sometimes used for church roofs, was most commonly used as flashing in valleys and around chimneys on domestic roofs, particularly those of slate. Copper was used for the same purpose.

In the 19th century, iron, electroplated with zinc to improve its resistance to rust, became a light-weight, easily transported, waterproofing material. Its low cost and easy application made it the most accessible commercial roofing, worldwide. Since then, many types of metal roofing have been developed. Steel shingle or standing-seam roofs last about 50 years or more depending on both the method of installation and the moisture barrier (underlayment) used and are between the cost of shingle roofs and slate roofs. In the 20th century, a large number of roofing materials were developed, including roofs based on bitumen (already used in previous centuries), on rubber and on a range of synthetics such as thermoplastic and on fibreglass.

Functions

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A roof assembly has more than one function. It may provide any or all of the following functions:
1. To shed water i.e., prevent water from standing on the roof surface. Water standing on the roof surface increases the live load on the roof structure, which is a safety issue. Standing water also contributes to premature deterioration of most roofing materials. Some roofing manufacturers' warranties are rendered void due to standing water.
2. To protect the building interior from the effects of weather elements such as rain, wind, sun, heat and snow.
3. To provide thermal insulation. Most modern commercial/industrial roof assemblies incorporate insulation boards or batt insulation. In most cases, the International Building Code and International Residential Code establish the minimum R-value required within the roof assembly.
4. To perform for the expected service life. All standard roofing materials have established histories of their respective longevity, based on anecdotal evidence. Most roof materials will last long after the manufacturer's warranty has expired, given adequate ongoing maintenance, and absent storm damage. Metal and tile roofs may last fifty years or more. Asphalt shingles may last 30–50 years. Coal tar built-up roofs may last forty or more years. Single-ply roofs may last twenty or more years.
5. Provide a desired, unblemished appearance. Some roofs are selected not only for the above functions, but also for aesthetics, similar to wall cladding. Premium prices are often paid for certain systems because of their attractive appearance and "curb appeal."

Insulation

[edit]

Because the purpose of a roof is to secure people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a consideration in its structure and the choice of roofing material.

Some roofing materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outer layer. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heat and cold, noise, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.

Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating caused by the sun.

Forms of insulation are felt or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. Cool roofs are becoming increasingly popular,[9] and in some cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.[9]

Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams around the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on upper parts of the roof to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams occur when heat escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can result in structural damage from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.

Drainage

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The primary job of most roofs is to keep out water. The large area of a roof repels a lot of water, which must be directed in some suitable way, so that it does not cause damage or inconvenience.

Flat roof of adobe dwellings generally have a very slight slope. In a Middle Eastern country, where the roof may be used for recreation, it is often walled, and drainage holes must be provided to stop water from pooling and seeping through the porous roofing material.

While flat roofs are more prone to drainage issues, poorly designed or textured sloping roofs can face similar problems.[10] Standing water on a roof can lead to mold growth, which is highly damaging to both the building’s structure and the health of its occupants. Repairing drainage issues is significantly less costly than fixing the damage caused by mold.[11]

Similar problems, although on a very much larger scale, confront the builders of modern commercial properties which often have flat roofs. Because of the very large nature of such roofs, it is essential that the outer skin be of a highly impermeable material. Most industrial and commercial structures have conventional roofs of low pitch.

In general, the pitch of the roof is proportional to the amount of precipitation. Houses in areas of low rainfall frequently have roofs of low pitch while those in areas of high rainfall and snow, have steep roofs. The longhouses of Papua New Guinea, for example, being roof-dominated architecture, the high roofs sweeping almost to the ground. The high steeply-pitched roofs of Germany and Holland are typical in regions of snowfall. In parts of North America such as Buffalo, New York, United States, or Montreal, Quebec, Canada, there is a required minimum slope of 6 in 12 (1:2, a pitch of 30°).

There are regional building styles which contradict this trend, the stone roofs of the Alpine chalets being usually of gentler incline. These buildings tend to accumulate a large amount of snow on them, which is seen as a factor in their insulation. The pitch of the roof is in part determined by the roofing material available, a pitch of 3 in 12 (1:4) or greater slope generally being covered with asphalt shingles, wood shake, corrugated steel, slate or tile.

The water repelled by the roof during a rainstorm is potentially damaging to the building that the roof protects. If it runs down the walls, it may seep into the mortar or through panels. If it lies around the foundations it may cause seepage to the interior, rising damp or dry rot. For this reason most buildings have a system in place to protect the walls of a building from most of the roof water. Overhanging eaves are commonly employed for this purpose. Most modern roofs and many old ones have systems of valleys, gutters, waterspouts, waterheads and drainpipes to remove the water from the vicinity of the building. In many parts of the world, roofwater is collected and stored for domestic use.

Areas prone to heavy snow benefit from a metal roof because their smooth surfaces shed the weight of snow more easily and resist the force of wind better than a wood shingle or a concrete tile roof.

Solar roofs

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Newer systems include solar shingles which generate electricity as well as cover the roof. There are also solar systems available that generate hot water or hot air and which can also act as a roof covering. More complex systems may carry out all of these functions: generate electricity, recover thermal energy, and also act as a roof covering.

Solar systems can be integrated with roofs by:

integration in the covering of pitched roofs, e.g. solar shingles,
mounting on an existing roof, e.g. solar panel on a tile roof,
integration in a flat roof membrane using heat welding (e.g. PVC) or
mounting on a flat roof with a construction and additional weight to prevent uplift from wind.
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See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Harris, Cyril M. (editor). Dictionary of Architecture and Construction, Third Edition, New York, McGraw Hill, 2000, p. 775
  2. ^ "Roof". etymonline.com. Online Etymology Library.
  3. ^ "roof, n.". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  4. ^ "Roofing Materials to Protect You From the Elements". HuffPost. 12 January 2016. Retrieved 2018-11-07.
  5. ^ C. M. Harris, Dictionary of Architecture & Construction
  6. ^ "Chapter 9 - Roof Assemblies". publicecodes.cyberregs.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-03. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
  7. ^ "Six Steps to Building a 150 Year Roof". kocaeliwebtasarim.medium.com. Archived from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  8. ^ "Green and Cool Roofs". Project Drawdown. 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2020-12-05.
  9. ^ a b Farhan, Syed Ahmad; Ismail, Fouad Ismail; Kiwan, Osamah; Shafiq, Nasir; Zain-Ahmed, Azni; Husna, Nadzhratul; Hamid, Afif Izwan Abd (2021). "Effect of Roof Tile Colour on Heat Conduction Transfer, Roof-Top Surface Temperature and Cooling Load in Modern Residential Buildings under the Tropical Climate of Malaysia". Sustainability. 13 (9): 4665. doi:10.3390/su13094665.
  10. ^ "How Can A Bad Roof Impact Your Overall House?". Platinum Roofing & Construction. Retrieved Dec 1, 2024.
  11. ^ Cheng, Jianwei; Zhang, Guanghul (2023). "Analysis of the runoff and seepage drainage effects of prefabricated roof double-layer drainage system". Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures Volume 1. Taylor & Francis. pp. 241–247. ISBN 9781003336631.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

You'll find that Big G Roofing offers various financing and payment plans to make your roofing project more manageable financially. This flexibility ensures you don't have to compromise on quality due to budget constraints.

You're covered with Big G Roofing as they offer comprehensive warranties and guarantees on both their workmanship and the materials used. You'll have peace of mind knowing your investment is protected for years to come.

When unexpected issues or damages are discovered during your roofing project, you're immediately informed. They'll assess the situation, provide you with solutions, and adjust the project plan to ensure your roof is expertly handled.