Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster

Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster

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These procedures, meticulously performed by their expert team, focus on refining and rejuvenating, rather than altering your inherent look. It's the perfect opportunity to ask all your questions and address any concerns. One client shares how the fine lines that once made her self-conscious have all but disappeared, giving her a refreshed look that's both natural and empowering. They truly understand what I needed.'Mark shares a similar sentiment, 'I was hesitant about getting fillers, but the team made me feel at ease. Learn more about Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster here Building on the foundation of our experienced professionals, we tailor each Botox and filler treatment to your unique facial features and aesthetic goals.
Manhas Health Co. Learn more about Botox and Filler treatments in New Westminster here. excels in this, ensuring that your Botox and filler treatments enhance your features without overdoing it. You're probably wondering what fillers are made of.

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Did you know that over the past decade, the demand for non-surgical cosmetic treatments, including Botox and fillers, has skyrocketed by more than 50%? Head over to their website and use the convenient online booking tool.
We're here to guide you through every step of the process, explaining the benefits and any potential side effects of your chosen treatments. Botulinum toxin type A Your journey begins with a comprehensive consultation, where you're encouraged to discuss your aesthetic aspirations openly. During these sessions, we'll assess your medical history and discuss your aesthetic goals to tailor a treatment plan that's perfect for you. Welcome to a new chapter in your story, where you feel as fabulous as you look. Botulinum Toxin
Instead, they tailor each treatment to your unique facial structure, ensuring results that not only look natural but also enhance your inherent beauty. You've likely heard the buzz around their experienced professionals and personalized treatment plans, but there's more beneath the surface. Taking the next step towards enhancing your appearance with Manhas Health Co's expert services starts by scheduling your visit. Instead, we sit down with you, listen to your concerns, and craft a personalized treatment plan that aligns with what you're looking for.

From the moment you walk in, you're greeted by friendly faces ready to support you through your journey to achieving the youthful skin you desire. You'll notice how wrinkles smooth out, fine lines diminish, and facial volumes are beautifully restored. Botox and filler treatments from Manhas Health Co are tailored to highlight your unique features, ensuring a subtle yet significant enhancement of your natural beauty.

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Whether it's early in the morning, during your lunch break, or later in the evening, they've got you covered. Book your consultation today and take the first step towards achieving the stunning results you deserve.
Take Sarah's journey, for instance. Their highly skilled professionals use the latest techniques in skin rejuvenation, including laser treatments, chemical peels, and microneedling, to give your skin a radiant, healthy glow. At Manhas Health Co, your satisfaction and safety are our top priorities. Your initial consultation at Manhas Health Co. is a pivotal step, designed to map out a clear, personalized path to achieving your aesthetic goals.
You'll see the magic of fillers in their versatility. Read more about Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster here Remember, the goal is to enhance your natural beauty, not alter your fundamental appearance. As for safety, Botox has a long history of use and is FDA-approved for cosmetic purposes. It's a relief that goes beyond skin-deep, offering you more pain-free days.
In essence, at Manhas Health Co., precision isn't just a practice; it's a promise. It's all part of our commitment to not just meet, but exceed your expectations for comfort, making each visit to Manhas Health Co. something you can look forward to. It's this blend of exceptional skill, rigorous training, and compassionate care that sets Manhas Health Co apart. They'll work with you to create a treatment plan that enhances your natural beauty without overdoing it.

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Richard Clement Moody arrived in British Columbia in December 1858, at the head of the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, having been hand picked to "found a second England on the shores of the Pacific".  Moody "wanted to build a city of beauty in the wilderness" and planned his city as an iconic visual metaphor for British dominance, "styled and located with the objective of reinforcing the authority of the Crown and of the robe  Subsequent to the enactment of the Pre-emption Act of 1860, Moody settled the Lower Mainland and selected the site and founded the new capital, New Westminster. Moody and the Royal Engineers were trained in settlement and selected the site because of its defensibility: it was farther from the American border than the site of the colony's proclamation, Fort Langley, possessed "great facilities for communication by water, as well as by future great trunk railways into the interior and possessed an excellent port  Moody was also struck by the majestic beauty of the site, writing in his letter to Blackwood:

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Nearby Tourist Attractions

Surrey Nature Centre

Tourist attraction, Community center, Park
Surrey Nature Centre, 14225 Green Timbers Way, Surrey, BC V3T 0J2
Environmentally focused facility with nature trails, an arboretum & student educational programs.

Old Orchard Park

Tourist attraction, Recreation center, Park
Old Orchard Park, 630 Alderside Rd, Port Moody, BC V3H 3A5

Cates Park

Tourist attraction, Public beach, Park
Cates Park, 4141 Dollarton Hwy, North Vancouver, BC V7G 1A1
Seaside trails with totem poles alongside tennis courts, playgrounds & a picnic area.

Surrey's Big Canadian Flag

Guildford
Tourist attraction
Surrey's Big Canadian Flag, 15250 104 Ave A, Surrey, BC V3R 6N8

Nanaksar Gurdwara Gursikh Temple

Tourist attraction, Gurudwara
Nanaksar Gurdwara Gursikh Temple, 18691 Westminster Hwy, Richmond, BC V6V 1B1


Citations and other links

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We're dedicated to enhancing your natural beauty while ensuring your utmost comfort and satisfaction. Type D botulinum toxin It's not just about administering treatments; it's about crafting a personalized plan that aligns with your vision for yourself. At Manhas Health Co., the focus is on providing a personalized experience that prioritizes your comfort and satisfaction. Whether you're looking to smooth out fine lines, restore volume, or simply refresh your appearance, their Botox and filler services are designed to boost your confidence. Choosing Manhas Health Co for your Botox and filler needs means entrusting your appearance to unparalleled expertise and compassionate care.

This convenience ensures that you're stepping into your session feeling relaxed and stress-free. This personalized approach not only ensures your satisfaction with the outcomes but also enhances your overall experience, making Manhas Health Co. the top choice for those seeking customized aesthetic solutions. Moreover, they prioritize your comfort and safety throughout the process. The staff at Manhas Health Co. takes the time to listen to your concerns, answer your questions, and discuss your options without rushing you into a decision.

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You're not just getting treatments; you're experiencing the pinnacle of professional expertise. Whether it's adding volume to the cheeks, defining jawlines, or smoothing out nasolabial folds, they ensure the results are balanced and harmonious with your overall facial aesthetics. Botox treatments, when administered by our skilled practitioners, can significantly reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, offering you a more youthful look. As you navigate through the bustling streets of life, your skin bears the brunt of time and elements, but it doesn't have to tell the same old story. Botulinum toxin F

Selecting the right amount and type of product is crucial. In the vast ocean of aesthetic clinics, Manhas Health Co. stands out as a lighthouse, guiding those who seek exceptional Botox and filler treatments in Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster. A client who was nervous about getting fillers for the first time found reassurance in the thorough consultation process, where every question was answered, and every concern addressed. Their friendly staff is ready to accommodate your schedule and answer any preliminary questions you might have.

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Botox clinic reviews Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster

Whether it's smoothing out fine lines, restoring volume, or enhancing facial contours, the outcomes are consistently impressive. Prabotulinumtoxin A The team at Manhas Health Co. believes in a personalized approach because they know that every face tells a different story. They'll discuss your goals and concerns, ensuring you're fully informed and comfortable with the planned procedure. These include adjustable lighting and temperature controls, so you can tailor your environment to suit your preferences.

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Discover why Manhas Health Co. has become a trusted name in Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster for those seeking to enhance their natural beauty with confidence and care. After receiving your Botox or filler treatment, it's crucial to follow specific aftercare instructions to ensure optimal results and minimize any potential side effects. These effects last around 3 to 6 months, after which you might consider follow-up treatments to maintain your rejuvenated look.

Your journey doesn't stop after the initial visit. This commitment to excellence and safety means you're getting the best care possible. Just as a master jeweler meticulously crafts each piece to perfection, Manhas Health Co. has established itself as the gold standard for Botox and filler treatments in Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster.

When you step into their clinic, you're not just another client; you're an individual with unique facial features, skin concerns, and aesthetic goals. Building on their reputation for proven results, Manhas Health Co. offers comprehensive consultations to tailor each botox and filler treatment to your unique needs. When you receive a Botox injection, it blocks certain chemical signals from nerves, primarily those that cause muscles to contract.



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This level of care and dedication is why they're the top choice for Botox and fillers. They hold certifications from acclaimed institutions, ensuring they're equipped with the latest techniques and knowledge in Botox and filler applications. Understanding the synergy between Botox and fillers sets the stage for exploring how Manhas Health Co. crafts customized treatment plans tailored to your individual needs and beauty aspirations. You'll also discuss potential results and any risks involved.

Without these signals, the muscles can't contract, leading to a reduction in the appearance of facial wrinkles. Look no further than Manhas Health Co., where your desires for youthful, glowing skin become a reality. Being in the vibrant heart of Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster means after your appointment, you're right in the mix of some of the best cafes, shops, and riverside walks the city has to offer.

When considering Botox, it's crucial to know what you're stepping into, from the initial consultation to the actual treatment and beyond. Botulinum toxin type C Additionally, keep your skincare routine gentle. Our staff is here to guide you through your journey, answering your questions and providing the support you need.

Fillers are made from substances like hyaluronic acid that your body naturally produces. When considering Botox and fillers, Manhas Health Co stands out for its exceptional expertise and personalized care. Offering expert Botox and filler services, this clinic stands at the forefront of cosmetic procedures, combining precision with a personalized touch.

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They're not just about enhancing your beauty; they're deeply committed to your well-being throughout the process. If you're interested in body contouring, they offer non-invasive options that can help you achieve your desired shape without the need for surgery. This step allows the specialist to recommend the most effective treatments for achieving your desired results. It's key to understand that the longevity of your results can vary based on the type of treatment you've received, your lifestyle, and your body's own metabolic rate. Whether you're looking to soften laugh lines, restore cheek volume, or refine your lip shape, there's a filler that can achieve your goals, ensuring your results look natural and complement your unique features.

It's common to experience mild bruising or swelling, but these side effects usually subside quickly. It's all about making sure you're comfortable and confident in your choice. They've honed their skills through years of dedicated practice and continuous education, ensuring you're in the safest hands. Our selection process for these products is rigorous, ensuring they meet stringent safety standards and have a proven track record of delivering exceptional results.

If you're unsure what service you need, don't worry. Whether it's defining your cheekbones, softening nasolabial folds, or giving your lips that perfect pout, the experts at Manhas Health Co. know exactly how to achieve the look you desire. They see you. You're not just choosing a treatment; you're choosing a team that puts your well-being and satisfaction at the forefront.

Stepping into Manhas Health Co. in Advanced wrinkle treatments New Westminster is like finding an oasis in the desert of countless beauty and wellness clinics. This means you'll always have access to cutting-edge treatments designed to deliver optimal results.

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They listen to your concerns, your goals, and they tailor a treatment plan that's just right for you. The practitioners here aren't just skilled; they're leaders in their field, frequently attending and sometimes even hosting workshops and seminars to stay at the forefront of aesthetic innovations.

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You'll start by meeting with our experts, who tailor a plan that's just right for you, considering your unique features and desired outcomes. First off, avoid touching or massaging the treated areas for at least 24 hours. They'll also remind you about your appointment a day before, ensuring you're well-prepared and don't miss out on your chance to enhance your beauty. Having completed your consultation at Manhas Health Co, you're now ready to learn what the Botox process entails and what results you can expect.

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The results are natural yet noticeable.
Opting for Manhas Health Co means you're not just enhancing your appearance; you're embracing a team that's genuinely invested in your well-being and confidence. Essentially, Botox is a purified form of botulinum toxin that, when injected in small doses, temporarily relaxes facial muscles. One of the key benefits you'll notice is a significant reduction in the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. She came in nervous about her first Botox treatment but left feeling rejuvenated and more confident than ever.
Your journey, from the first consultation to the moment you behold your results, is a shared adventure. He turned to dermal fillers for his hollow cheeks, a condition that made him look older than his years. Starting with a thorough consultation, we'll assess your skin's condition and discuss your desired outcomes. This means you won't just receive generic advice; you'll get tips and instructions that match your unique situation.
Lastly, set realistic expectations and be ready to discuss your aesthetic goals openly. You're not just another appointment in our calendar. It's also rare, but some people might experience eyelid drooping or eyebrow asymmetry, which typically resolves as the Botox wears off.

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This level of care cements Manhas Health Co. as a clinic where proven results aren't just a possibility-they're a guarantee.

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Military Policlinic in Legionowo, Poland

A clinic (or outpatient clinic or ambulatory care clinic) is a health facility that is primarily focused on the care of outpatients. Clinics can be privately operated or publicly managed and funded. They typically cover the primary care needs of populations in local communities, in contrast to larger hospitals which offer more specialized treatments and admit inpatients for overnight stays.

Most commonly, the English word clinic refers to a general practice, run by one or more general practitioners offering small therapeutic treatments, but it can also mean a specialist clinic. Some clinics retain the name "clinic" even while growing into institutions as large as major hospitals or becoming associated with a hospital or medical school.

Etymology

[edit]
The entrance to a surgery clinic in Greenwich, London

The word clinic derives from Ancient Greek κλίνειν klinein meaning to slope, lean or recline. Hence κλίνη klinē is a couch or bed and κλινικός klinikos is a physician who visits his patients in their beds.[1] In Latin, this became clīnicus.[2][3]

An early use of the word clinic was "one who receives baptism on a sick bed".[4]

Overview

[edit]
A medpunkt (health care access point) delivers primary health care to the residents of the village of Veliki Vrag, Russia.

Clinics are often associated with a general medical practice run by one or several general practitioners. Other types of clinics are run by the type of specialist associated with that type: physical therapy clinics by physiotherapists and psychology clinics by clinical psychologists, and so on for each health profession. (This can even hold true for certain services outside the medical field: for example, legal clinics are run by lawyers.)

Some clinics are operated in-house by employers, government organizations, or hospitals, and some clinical services are outsourced to private corporations which specialize in providing health services. In China, for example, owners of such clinics do not have formal medical education. There were 659,596 village clinics in China in 2011.[5]

Health care in India, China, Russia and Africa is provided to those regions' vast rural areas by mobile health clinics or roadside dispensaries, some of which integrate traditional medicine. In India these traditional clinics provide ayurvedic medicine and unani herbal medical practice. In each of these countries, traditional medicine tends to be a hereditary practice.

Function

[edit]
Policlinic in Karl-Marx-Stadt, German Democratic Republic

The function of clinics differs from country to country. For instance, a local general practice run by a single general practitioner provides primary health care and is usually run as a for-profit business by the owner, whereas a government-run specialist clinic may provide subsidized or specialized[dubiousdiscuss] health care.

Some clinics serve as a place for people with injuries or illnesses to be seen by a triage nurse or other health worker. In these clinics, the injury or illness may not be serious enough to require a visit to an emergency room (ER), but the person can be transferred to one if needed.

Treatment at these clinics is often less expensive than it would be at a casualty department. Also, unlike an ER these clinics are often not open on a 24/7/365 basis. They sometimes have access to diagnostic equipment such as X-ray machines, especially if the clinic is part of a larger facility. Doctors at such clinics can often refer patients to specialists if the need arises.[6]

Large outpatient clinics

[edit]
Children Policlinic in Novokosino District of Moscow

Large outpatient clinics vary in size, but can be as large as hospitals.

Function

[edit]

Typical large outpatient clinics house general medical practitioners (GPs) such as doctors and nurses to provide ambulatory care and some acute care services but lack the major surgical and pre- and post-operative care facilities commonly associated with hospitals.

Policlinic in Vilnius-Karoliniškės, Lithuania

Besides GPs, if a clinic is a polyclinic, it can house outpatient departments of some medical specialties, such as gynecology, dermatology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurology, pulmonology, cardiology, and endocrinology. In some university cities, polyclinics contain outpatient departments for the entire teaching hospital in one building.

Internationally

[edit]
Policlinic in Písek, Czech Republic

Large outpatient clinics are a common type of healthcare facility in many countries, including France, Germany (long tradition), Switzerland, and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (often using a mixed Soviet-German model), as well as in former Soviet republics such as Russia and Ukraine;[7] and in many countries across Asia and Africa.[8]

In Europe, especially in the Central and Eastern Europe, bigger outpatient health centers, commonly in cities and towns, are called policlinics (derived from the word polis, not from poly-).

Recent[when?] Russian governments have attempted to replace the policlinic model introduced during Soviet times with a more western model. However, this has failed.[9]

In the Czech Republic, many policlinics were privatized or leasehold and decentralized in the post-communist era: some of them are just lessors and coordinators of a healthcare provided by private doctor's offices in the policlinic building.[10]

India has also set up huge numbers of polyclinics for former defense personnel. The network envisages 426 polyclinics in 343 districts of the country which will benefit about 33 lakh (3.3 million) ex-servicemen residing in remote and far-flung areas.[11]

Policlinics are also the backbone of Cuba's primary care system and have been credited with a role in improving that nation's health indicators.[12]

Mobile clinics

[edit]
Hinduja National Hospital's mobile clinic
A mobile health clinic operated from a truck

Providing health services through mobile clinics provides accessible healthcare services to these remote areas that have yet to make their way in the politicized space. For example, mobile clinics have proved helpful in dealing with new settlement patterns in Costa Rica. Before foreign aid organizations or the state government became involved in healthcare, Costa Rica's people managed their own health maintenance and protection.[13] People relied on various socio-cultural adaptations and remedies to prevent illnesses, such as personal hygiene and settlement patterns.[13] When new settlements that sprang up along the coast became "artificial" communities, and due to lack of traditional home healing practices here, alternative methods such as mobile clinics had to be implemented in these communities for the protection and prevention of diseases.[13]

A study done in rural Namibia revealed the health changes of orphans, vulnerable children and non-vulnerable children (OVC) visiting a mobile clinic where health facilities are far from the remote villages.[14] Over 6 months, information on immunization status, diagnosis of anemia, skin and intestinal disorders, nutrition, dental disorders was collected and showed that visits to mobile clinics improved the overall health of children that visited regularly. It concluded that specified "planning of these programs in areas with similarly identified barriers may help correct the health disparities among Namibian OVC and could be a first step in improving child morbidity and mortality in difficult-to-reach rural areas."[14]

A mobile clinic run from a pickup truck in Yemen

Food supplementation in the context of routine mobile clinic visits also shows to have improved the nutritional status of children, and it needs further exploration as a way to reduce childhood malnutrition in resource-scarce areas. A cross-sectional study focussed on comparing acute and chronic undernutrition rates prior to and after a food-supplementation program as an adjunct to routine health care for children of migrant workers residing in rural communities in the Dominican Republic.[15] Rates of chronic undernutrition decreased from 33% to 18% after the initiation of the food-supplementation program and shows that the community members attending the mobile clinics are not just passively receiving the information but are incorporating it and helping keep their children nourished.[15]

Types

[edit]
Storefront clinic in Manhattan

There are many different types of clinics providing outpatient services. Such clinics may be public (government-funded) or private medical practices.

  • A CLSC are in Quebec; they are a type of free clinic funded by the provincial government; they provide service not covered by Canada's healthcare plan including social workers
  • In the United States, a free clinic provides free or low-cost healthcare for those with little or without insurance.
  • A retail-based clinic is housed in supermarkets and similar retail outlets providing walk-in health care, which may be staffed by nurse practitioners.
  • A general out-patient clinic offers general diagnoses or treatments without an overnight stay.
  • A polyclinic or policlinic provides a range of healthcare services (including diagnostics) without need of an overnight stay
  • A specialist clinic provides advanced diagnostic or treatment services for specific diseases or parts of the body. This type contrasts with general out-patient clinics.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ κλινικός in A Greek–English Lexicon. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. ^ clinicus in A Latin Dictionary. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  3. ^ Partridge, Eric. Origins: A short etymological dictionary of modern English. Book Club Associates, 1966.
  4. ^ Clinic, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
  5. ^ "Statistical Communiqué on the 2011 National Economic and Social Development". stats.gov.cn. National Bureau of Statistics of China. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
  6. ^ "Clinic search engine tools to find the right Clinic". 123 clinic. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  7. ^ NLH – Health Management – Policlinics. Retrieved 3 July 2008.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Google
  9. ^ Ershova I, Rider O, Gorelov V (December 2007). "Policlinics in London". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1890–1. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61793-0. PMID 18068500. S2CID 43512994.
  10. ^ David Rath: Trnitá cesta privatizace českého zdravotnictví, Hospodářské noviny, 10 September 1996
  11. ^ "199 Additional Polyclinics For Ex-Servicemen". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 May 2010.
  12. ^ Cuba's primary health care revolution: 30 years on, Bulletin of the World Health Organization
  13. ^ a b c Morgan, Lynn M. (February 1993). Community Participation in Health: The Politics of Primary Care in Costa Rica. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511558092. ISBN 978-0-521-41898-0. Retrieved 8 May 2020. cite book: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ a b Aneni, Ehimen; De Beer, Ingrid H.; Hanson, Laura; Rijnen, Bas; Brenan, Alana T.; Feeley, Frank G. (2013). "Mobile primary healthcare services and health outcomes of children in rural Namibia". Rural and Remote Health. 13 (3): 2380. ISSN 1445-6354. PMID 24016257.
  15. ^ a b Parikh, Kavita; Marein-Efron, Gabriela; Huang, Shirley; O'Hare, Geraldine; Finalle, Rodney; Shah, Samir S. (September 2010). "Nutritional Status of Children after a Food-Supplementation Program Integrated with Routine Health Care through Mobile Clinics in Migrant Communities in the Dominican Republic". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 83 (3): 559–564. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0485. ISSN 0002-9637. PMC 2929051. PMID 20810820.

Wrinkles on the face and hands are a typical sign of aging

A wrinkle, also known as a rhytid, is a fold, ridge or crease in an otherwise smooth surface, such as on skin or fabric. Skin wrinkles typically appear as a result of ageing processes such as glycation,[1] habitual sleeping positions,[2] loss of body mass, sun damage,[3] or temporarily, as the result of prolonged immersion in water. Age wrinkling in the skin is promoted by habitual facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.[4] In humans, it can also be prevented to some degree by avoiding excessive solar exposure and through diet (in particular through consumption of carotenoids, tocopherols and flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, D and E), essential omega-3-fatty acids, certain proteins and lactobacilli).[5]

Skin

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Causes for aging wrinkles

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A woman of European origin with facial wrinkles

Development of facial wrinkles is a kind of fibrosis of the skin. Misrepair-accumulation aging theory suggests that wrinkles develop from incorrect repairs of injured elastic fibers and collagen fibers.[6][7][8] Repeated extensions and compressions of the skin cause repeated injuries of extracellular fibers in derma. During the repairing process, some of the broken elastic fibers and collagen fibers are not regenerated and restored but replaced by altered fibers. When an elastic fiber is broken in an extended state, it may be replaced by a "long" collagen fiber. Accumulation of "long" collagen fibers makes part of the skin looser and stiffer, and as a consequence, a big fold of skin appears. When a "long" collagen is broken in a compressed state, it may be replaced by a "short" collagen fiber. The "shorter" collagen fibers will restrict the extension of "longer" fibers, and make the “long" fibers in a folding state permanently. A small fold, namely a permanent wrinkle, then appears.

Sleep wrinkles

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Sleep wrinkles are created and reinforced when the face is compressed against a pillow or bed surface in side or stomach sleeping positions during sleep.[9] They appear in predictable locations due to the underlying superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), and are usually distinct from wrinkles of facial expression.[10] As with wrinkles of facial expression, sleep wrinkles can deepen and become permanent over time, unless the habitual sleeping positions which cause the wrinkles are altered.[11]

Water-immersion wrinkling

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A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

The wrinkles that occur in skin over prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This is a temporary skin condition where the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkly. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions,[12] and a better grasp of wet objects.[13] These results were called into question by a 2014 study that failed to reproduce any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips.[14] However, a 2020 study of gripping efficiency found that wrinkles decreased the force required to grip wet objects by 20%, supporting the traction hypothesis.[15]

Prior to a 1935 study, the common explanation was based on water absorption in the keratin-laden epithelial skin when immersed in water,[16] causing the skin to expand and resulting in a larger surface area, forcing it to wrinkle. Usually the tips of the fingers and toes are the first to wrinkle because of a thicker layer of keratin and an absence of hairs which secrete the protective oil called sebum.

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

In the 1935 study, however, Lewis and Pickering were studying patients with palsy of the median nerve when they discovered that skin wrinkling did not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve. This suggested that the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling, so the phenomenon could not be entirely explained simply by water absorption. Recent research shows that wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction.[17][18] Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.[19]

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.[20]

Other animals with wrinkles

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Examples of wrinkles can be found in various animal species that grow loose, excess skin, particularly when they are young. Several breeds of dog, such as the Pug and the Shar Pei, have been bred to exaggerate this trait. In dogs bred for fighting, this is the result of selection for loose skin, which confers a protective advantage.[21]

Techniques for reducing the appearance of aging wrinkles

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A man receiving a botox injection

Current evidence suggests that tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells, although the exact mode of action is unknown. Additionally, tretinoin stimulates mitotic activity and increased turnover of follicular epithelial cells.[22] Tretinoin is better known by the brand name Retin-A.

Topical glycosaminoglycans supplements can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are produced by the body to maintain structural integrity in tissues and to maintain fluid balance. Hyaluronic acid is a type of GAG that promotes collagen synthesis, repair, and hydration. GAGs serve as a natural moisturizer and lubricant between epidermal cells to inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

Dermal fillers are injectable products frequently used to correct wrinkles, and other depressions in the skin. They are often a kind of soft tissue designed to enable injection into the skin for purposes of improving the appearance. The most common products are based on hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxylapatite.

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is a specific form of botulinum toxin manufactured by Allergan for both therapeutic and cosmetic use. Besides its cosmetic application, Botox is used in the treatment of other conditions including migraine headache and cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis) (a neuromuscular disorder involving the head and neck).[23]

Dysport, manufactured by Ipsen, received FDA approval and is now used to treat cervical dystonia as well as glabellar lines in adults. In 2010, another form of botulinum toxin, one free of complexing proteins, became available to Americans. Xeomin received FDA approval for medical indications in 2010 and cosmetic indications in 2011.

Botulinum toxin treats wrinkles by immobilizing the muscles which cause wrinkles. It is not appropriate for the treatment of all wrinkles; it is indicated for the treatment of glabellar lines (between the eyebrows) in adults. Any other usage is not approved by the FDA and is considered off-label use.

Laser resurfacing is FDA-cleared skin resurfacing procedure in which lasers are used to improve the condition of the skin.[citation needed] Two types of lasers are used to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles on the face; laser ablation, which removes thin layers of skin, and nonablative lasers that stimulate collagen production. Nonablative lasers are less effective than ablative ones but they are less invasive and recovery time is short. After the procedure people experience temporary redness, itching and swelling.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Danby, FW (Jul–Aug 2010). "Nutrition and aging skin: sugar and glycation". Clin Dermatol. 4. 28 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.018. PMID 20620757.
  2. ^ American Academy of Dermatology. "Causes of Aging". AgingSkinNet. American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  3. ^ Cosmetic Procedures for Wrinkles
  4. ^ Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery. AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0-85557-044-X.
  5. ^ Schagen, S. K.; Zampeli, V. A.; Makrantonaki, E.; Zouboulis, C. C. (2012). "Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging". Dermato-Endocrinology. 4 (3): 298–307. doi:10.4161/derm.22876. PMC 3583891. PMID 23467449.
  6. ^ Wang, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas; Wunderlin, Arne; Mahadeva, Ravi (2009). "Aging as a consequence of Misrepair—a novel theory of aging". arXiv:0904.0575 [q-bio.TO].
  7. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Aging as a process of accumulation of Misrepairs". arXiv:1503.07163 [q-bio.TO].
  8. ^ Wang-Michelitsch, Jicun; Michelitsch, Thomas (2015). "Tissue fibrosis: a principal evidence for the central role of Misrepairs in aging". arXiv:1505.01376 [q-bio.TO].
  9. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  10. ^ Fulton, James E.; Gaminchi, F. (1999). "Sleep Lines". Dermatol Surg. 25 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08073.x. PMID 9935097.
  11. ^ Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioglu, A.; Ates, L.; Aslan, G. (2004). "A New Phenomenon: 'Sleep Lines' on the Face". Scan J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 38 (4): 244–247 [246]. doi:10.1080/02844310410027257. PMID 15370809. S2CID 25307487.
  12. ^ Mark Changizi; Romann Weber; Ritesh Kotecha; Joseph Palazzo (2011). "Are Wet-Induced Wrinkled Fingers Primate Rain Treads?". Brain, Behavior and Evolution. 77 (4): 286–90. doi:10.1159/000328223. PMID 21701145.
  13. ^ Kareklas, Kyriacos; Nettle, Daniel; Smulders, Tom V (January 9, 2013). "Water-induced finger wrinkles improve handling of wet objects". Biol. Lett. 9 (2): 20120999. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0999. PMC 3639753. PMID 23302867.
  14. ^ Haseleu, Julia; Omerbašić, Damir; Frenzel, Henning; Gross, Manfred; Lewin, Gary R. (2014). Goldreich, Daniel (ed.). "Water-Induced Finger Wrinkles Do Not Affect Touch Acuity or Dexterity in Handling Wet Objects". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84949. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984949H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084949. PMC 3885627. PMID 24416318.
  15. ^ Davis, N. (8 November 2020). "Water-immersion finger-wrinkling improves grip efficiency in handling wet objects". bioRxiv 10.1101/2020.11.07.372631.
  16. ^ "Dr Karl's Homework – Skin Wrinkles in Water (26/1/2000)". Abc.net.au. 2000-01-26. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
  17. ^ Einar P.V. Wilder-Smith; Adeline Chow (2003). "Water-immersion wrinkeling is due to vasoconstriction". Muscle & Nerve. 27 (3): 307–311. doi:10.1002/mus.10323. PMID 12635117. S2CID 45193684.
  18. ^ Einar P. V. Wilder-Smith (2004). "Water immersion wrinkling". Clinical Autonomic Research. 14 (2): 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10286-004-0172-4. PMID 15095056. S2CID 44938772.
  19. ^ H. Zhai, K.P. Whilem H. L. Maibach (2007). Dermatotoxicology. pp. 280–281.
  20. ^ G Alvarez, J Eurolo; P Canales (1980). "Finger wrinkling after immersion in water". British Medical Journal. 281 (6240): 586–587. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6240.586-a. PMC 1713922. PMID 7427379.
  21. ^ The Dog Encyclopedia: The Definitive Visual Guide. Penguin. 15 August 2023. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7440-8513-6.
  22. ^ Stefanaki C, Stratigos A, Katsambas A (June 2005). "Topical retinoids in the treatment of photoaging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 4 (2): 130–4. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2005.40215.x. PMID 17166212. S2CID 44702740.
  23. ^ Brin MF, Lew MF, Adler CH, Comella CL, Factor SA, Jankovic J, O'Brien C, Murray JJ, Wallace JD, Willmer-Hulme A, Koller M (1999). "Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin type B) in type A-resistant cervical dystonia". Neurology. 53 (7): 1431–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.53.7.1431. PMID 10534247.
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Cosmetic may refer to:

  • Cosmetics, or make-up, substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning
  • Cosmetic, an adjective describing beauty, aesthetics, or appearance, especially concerning the human body
  • Cosmetic, a topical product that is not a drug
  • In-game cosmetics, video game virtual goods that generally offer no competitive advantage

See also

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Frequently Asked Questions

If you're unhappy or need adjustments after your treatment, they'll listen carefully to your concerns, offer solutions, and make necessary adjustments to ensure you're satisfied with the outcome. Your satisfaction is their top priority.

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