Helicopter tour Dubai coastal panorama

Helicopter tour Dubai coastal panorama

Helicopter tour Dubai sky ride

The first time a helicopter nose tilts toward the Arabian Gulf, you realize how much of Dubai's story is written along its shoreline. From the ground, the city is a forest of glass and steel, an unbroken rush of traffic and construction cranes. From the air, on a helicopter tour over Dubai's coastal panorama, it becomes a map of intent. The sea traces a blue parenthesis around the city's ambition; the desert presses its pale thumbprint at the horizon. Between them lies a narrow ribbon of beaches, marinas, resorts, and islands arranged like puzzle pieces that only make sense from above.


Lift-off is a small miracle, the quick unspooling of gravity as the rotor hum climbs and the world falls away. What looked like a seamless beachfront separates into texture: the geometric rhythm of breakwaters, the stippled lines of beach umbrellas, the scrawl of tire tracks in construction sand. The water is not one color but many-turquoise near the shallows, deeper cobalt where the seabed drops, and a milky jade wherever currents stir up the fine silt. The pilot banks, and suddenly the coastline is a diagram.


Palm Jumeirah is the first revelation. On the ground, you experience it as a sequence of gates, tunnels, and crescents. From the helicopter, the palm is absurdly crisp in shape, its fronds broadening like open fingers, the crescent breakwater laid out like a necklace. Villas line each frond, their private beaches fanning out toward the Gulf, while the hotels on the crescent look like the crowns of chess pieces. The scale is audacious, but it's the precision that startles. On a map you'd see lines; in the air you see decisions, concrete poured to a compass bearing, an engineered gesture visible from space.


To the south, the skyline of Dubai Marina rises like a rippling fence. Narrow waterways snake between a thicket of towers, each with a slightly different take on the geometry of glass. The giant observation wheel-Ain Dubai-lifts its circle above Bluewaters Island, and the eye can't help but measure everything against that simple curve: the squared-off edges of piers, the sharp angles of rooftops, the slender arcs of surf. Gondolas inch along the wheel, tiny beads around a bracelet.


The Burj Al Arab slashes into view, that eternal sail caught mid-gust, sitting on its man-made island and throwing a crisp shadow that seems too clean to be real. From above, it looks more fragile than it does from the beach, a sculptural statement in a sea of right angles. Nearby, low-slung resorts thread along Jumeirah Beach, their gardens a saturated green that feels theatrical in the desert light. A speedboat cuts a V-shaped waking, its froth briefly sketching lines that the current erases a minute later-human intention against the patience of water.


Turn east and the old city comes into frame. The mouth of Dubai Creek is a small, unassuming bite in the coastline, but the economy hums there, too: dhow boats moored like dark commas, the history of trade visible as geometry-warehouses, piers, access roads. Dubai helicopter tourist ride It's a reminder that Dubai didn't spring from nothing; it grew from a creek where pearl divers and merchants worked long before the megaprojects. If the Palm is a thesis statement in architectural manifestos, the Creek is a footnote that keeps its own counsel. The helicopter's headset crackles with the pilot's calm narration, but it feels fitting to fall silent here, letting the contrast speak-old timber hulls as stubborn as any skyscraper.


To the west, the spine of Sheikh Zayed Road is unmistakable, a silver thread racing parallel to the sea, tying together neighborhoods that outsiders learn by their landmarks. Farther still, the dunes begin, their shapes blunted by distance. From this height you can sense why Dubai's architects so often look seaward for expansion; to push into the desert requires one kind of defiance, into the ocean a different one. The coastline, in this view, is not just pretty. It is strategy.


Time of day changes everything. In the crisp light after sunrise, the city looks etched-edges, corners, shadows all doing their part for clarity. At midday the glare flattens it, a painter's wash over too much brightness; the sea is a mirror and the buildings lose their depth. Near dusk, the whole place softens. Long shadows streak across the beaches, and the water turns copper then violet. Windows catch fire; traffic becomes a glittering thread. Dubai luxury helicopter ride If you want romance from an aerial view, sunset is the hour. If you want information, go early. Either way, the coast remains the constant, the line that keeps you oriented as the helicopter drifts and banks.


There's a physicality to the experience that photographs can't convey. You feel the rotor's thrum through the seat and into your ribs. You lean, ever so slightly, when the pilot executes a gentle arc to give the cabin both sides of a landmark. The headset makes your own voice sound unfamiliar when you point something out and laugh. A child presses a forehead to the plexiglass and counts swimming pools. Helicopter tour Dubai deals Someone wonders aloud if the islands of The World can be seen clearly today; haze can be mischievous in Dubai, the air thick with humidity or dust depending on the season and the wind. Sometimes the archipelago appears, a constellation caught in shallow water. Helicopter tour Dubai skyline views Sometimes it retreats, a rumor blurred by distance.


It's tempting to treat a helicopter tour as a trophy experience, a box to tick. But from the air you can read patterns that make the city legible. Helicopter Tour Dubai . You see how marinas create sheltered water for leisure craft but also push the shoreline outward. You see how beach clubs occupy the sunny angles and how public beaches keep their own democratizing rhythm. You see the perpetual negotiation between spectacle and utility: desalination plants humming near luxury villas, cargo ships sliding past kite surfers, a fisherman alone on a breakwater while, inland, the world's tallest tower pierces the haze like a metronome for ambition.


Practicalities creep in, too. The best photos come from a window seat; wear dark clothing to reduce reflections on the glass. Helicopter tour Dubai sky ride Polarized lenses help, though they can do strange things with stress patterns in the canopy. If you're sensitive to motion, the smoother morning air may be kinder. Exclusive helicopter tour Dubai Tours vary in length; shorter ones sketch the shoreline's greatest hits, longer routes let you trace the whole arc from old Dubai to the edges of Jebel Ali and back across the city's interior. Operators brief you well; listen to them, and listen to the sea's hush when the pilot cuts power to linger. There's an environmental question that doesn't vanish with the view: machines burn fuel, skies carry noise. The perspective you gain should come with a measure of gratitude and restraint.


What lingers after you land is not just the postcard moments, though those are plentiful. It's a sense of coherence. From street level, Dubai can feel like a series of disconnected astonishments. From above, the coastline binds them; it becomes the line of poetry that holds the metaphors together. A helicopter tour of Dubai's coastal panorama doesn't answer every question about how cities should meet their seas, but it gives you a vantage point from which to ask better ones. And as the rotor winds down and the door slides open, the heat rushes in, carrying the salt of the Gulf and the faint smell of hot tarmac, a reminder that even cities of glass are tethered to something elemental: wind, water, sand, and the human urge to draw new shapes against them.

Helicopter tour Dubai

 

Burj Khalifa
برج خليفة
Wordmark and logo based on official website and Facebook page
The Burj Khalifa viewed across the Dubai Fountain in October 2012
Map
Interactive map of the Burj Khalifa area
Record height
Tallest in the world since 2009 [I]
Preceded by Taipei 101
General information
Status Completed
Type Mixed-use
Architectural style Neo-futurism
Location 1 Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Boulevard, Dubai, Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Named for Sheikh Khalifa
Construction started 6 January 2004; 22 years ago (2004-01-06)
Topped-out 17 January 2009; 17 years ago (2009-01-17)
Completed 1 October 2009; 16 years ago (2009-10-01)
Opened 4 January 2010; 16 years ago (2010-01-04)
Cost US$1.5 billion
Owner Emaar Properties
Height
Architectural 828 m (2,717 ft)
Tip 829.8 m (2,722 ft)
Antenna spire 242.5 m (796 ft)
Roof 739.4 m (2,426 ft)
Top floor 585.4 m (1,921 ft)
Observatory 555.7 m (1,823 ft)
Technical details
Structural system Reinforced concrete, steel, and aluminium
Floor count 154 + 9 maintenance
Floor area 309,473 m2 (3,331,100 sq ft)
Lifts/elevators 57 (mall included)
Design and construction
Architect Adrian Smith
Architecture firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
Structural engineer Bill Baker
Main contractor Samsung C&T
BESIX
Arabtec
Other information
Parking 2 subterranean levels
Public transit access Metro interchange  M1  At Burj Khalifa/Dubai Mall
Website
burjkhalifa.ae
References
[1]
Photographic silhouette of the Dubai skyline; the Burj Khalifa is visible at the center

The Burj Khalifa[a] (known as the Burj Dubai before its inauguration) is a megatall skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, it is the world's tallest structure, with a total height of 829.8 m (2,722 ft, or just over half a mile) and a roof height (excluding the antenna, but including a 242.6 m spire)[2] of 828 m (2,717 ft). It has also been the tallest building in the world since its topping out in 2009, surpassing Taipei 101, which had held the record for a half-decade.[3][4]

Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004; the exterior was completed five years later. The primary structure is reinforced concrete. Some of the structural steel for the building was salvaged from the demolished Palace of the Republic in East Berlin.[5] The building was opened in 2010 as part of a new development called Downtown Dubai. It was designed to be the centerpiece of large-scale, mixed-use development.

The building is named after the former president of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan.[6] The United Arab Emirates government provided Dubai with financial support as the developer, Emaar Properties, experienced financial problems during the Great Recession. Then-president of the United Arab Emirates, Khalifa bin Zayed, organized federal financial support. For his support, Mohammad bin Rashid, Ruler of Dubai, changed the name from "Burj Dubai" to "Burj Khalifa" during inauguration.

The design is derived from the Islamic architecture of the region, such as in the Great Mosque of Samarra. The Y-shaped tripartite floor geometry is designed to optimise residential and hotel space. A buttressed central core and wings are used to support the height of the building. The Burj Khalifa's central core houses all vertical transportation except egress stairs within each of the wings.[7] The structure also features a cladding system which is designed to withstand Dubai's hot summer temperatures.[8] It contains a total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators.

Development

[edit]

Construction began on 12 January 2004, with the exterior of the structure completed on 1 October 2009. The building officially opened on 4 January 2010[9][10] and is part of the 2 km2 (490 acres) Downtown Dubai development at the 'First Interchange' along Sheikh Zayed Road, near Dubai's main business district.[citation needed]

The tower's architecture and engineering were performed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill of Chicago, with Adrian Smith as chief architect, and Bill Baker as a chief structural engineer.[11][12] The firm had designed the Sears Tower in Chicago, a previous record holder for the world's tallest building.[13]

Hyder Consulting was supervising engineer and NORR Group Consultants supervised the architecture. The primary contractor was Samsung C&T of South Korea, together with the Belgian group BESIX and the local company Arabtec.[14]

Numerous complaints concerned migrant workers from South Asia, the primary building labour force, who were paid low wages and sometimes had their passports confiscated.[15]

Conception

[edit]

Burj Khalifa was designed to be the centerpiece of a large-scale, mixed-use development to include 30,000 homes,[16] nine hotels (including The Address Downtown Dubai), 3 hectares (7.4 acres) of parkland, at least 19 residential skyscrapers, the Dubai Mall, and the 12-hectare (30-acre) artificial Burj Khalifa Lake. The decision to build Burj Khalifa was reportedly based on the government's decision to diversify from an oil-based economy to one that is service and tourism based. According to officials, projects like Burj Khalifa needed to be built to garner more international recognition and hence investment. "He (Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum) wanted to put Dubai on the map with something really sensational," said Jacqui Josephson, a tourism and VIP delegations executive at Nakheel Properties.[17]

The tower was known as Burj Dubai ("Dubai Tower") until its official opening in January 2010.[18] It was renamed in honour of the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan; Abu Dhabi and the federal government of UAE lent Dubai tens of billions of US dollars so that Dubai could pay its debts – Dubai borrowed at least $80 billion for construction projects.[18] In the 2000s, Dubai started diversifying its economy but it suffered from the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession, leaving large-scale projects already in construction abandoned.[19]

Records

[edit]

The Burj Khalifa set several world records, including:

  • Tallest existing structure: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously KVLY-TV mast – 628.8 m or 2,063 ft)
  • Tallest structure ever built: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously Warsaw radio mast – 646.38 m or 2,121 ft)
  • Tallest freestanding structure: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously CN Tower – 553.3 m or 1,815 ft)
  • Tallest skyscraper (to top of spire): 828 m (2,717 ft) (previously Taipei 101 – 509.2 m or 1,671 ft)[20]
  • Tallest skyscraper to top of antenna: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) (previously the Willis (formerly Sears) Tower – 527 m or 1,729 ft)
  • Building with most floors: 163 (previously World Trade Center – 110)[21]
  • World's highest elevator installation (situated inside a rod at the very top of the building)[22]
  • World's longest travel distance elevators: 504 m (1,654 ft)[22][23]
  • Highest vertical concrete pumping (for a building): 606 m (1,988 ft)[24]
  • World's tallest structure that includes residential space[25]
  • World's highest installation of an aluminium and glass façade: 512 m (1,680 ft)[26]
  • World's highest restaurant (At.mosphere): 122nd floor at 442 m (1,450 ft) (previously 360, at a height of 350 m (1,148 ft) in CN Tower)[27]
  • World's highest New Year display of fireworks.[28]
  • World's largest light and sound show staged on a single building.[29][30][31]

Architecture and design

[edit]
A cross-section of comparisons of various towers, from ground level from top to bottom: Burj Khalifa, Taipei 101, Willis Tower, and the original World Trade Center

The tower was designed by Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM), which also designed the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) in Chicago and the One World Trade Center in New York City. Burj Khalifa uses the bundled tube design of the Willis Tower, invented by Fazlur Rahman Khan.[32][33] Due to its tubular system, proportionally only half the amount of steel was used in the construction, compared to the Empire State Building.[32][34] Khan's contributions to the design of tall buildings have had a profound impact on architecture and engineering. It would be difficult to find any worldwide practices in the design of tall buildings that have not been directly or indirectly influenced by his work.[35] The design is reminiscent of Frank Lloyd Wright's vision for The Illinois, a mile-high skyscraper designed for Chicago, as well as Chicago's Lake Point Tower. When Adrian Smith was conceiving the project at SOM, he looked out his office window toward Lake Point Tower's curved three-wing layout and thought, "There's the prototype".[36] According to Strabala, Burj Khalifa was designed based on the 73 floor Tower Palace Three, an all-residential building in Seoul. In its early planning, Burj Khalifa was intended to be entirely residential.[37]

After the original design by Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill, Emaar Properties chose Hyder Consulting to be the supervising engineer and NORR Group Consultants International Ltd to supervise the architecture of the project.[38] Hyder was selected for their expertise in structural and MEP (mechanical, electrical and plumbing) engineering.[39] Hyder Consulting's role was to supervise construction, certify the architect's design, and be the engineer and architect of record to the UAE authorities.[38] NORR's role was the supervision of all architectural components including on-site supervision during the construction and design of a 6-storey addition to the office annex building for architectural documentation. NORR was also responsible for the architectural integration drawings for the Armani Hotel included in the Tower. Emaar Properties also engaged GHD,[40] an international multidisciplinary consulting firm, to act as an independent verification and testing authority for concrete and steelwork.

The design is derived from Islamic architecture.[22] As the tower rises from the flat desert base, there are 27 setbacks in a spiral pattern, decreasing the cross-section of the tower as it rises and creating convenient outdoor terraces. These setbacks are arranged and aligned in a way that minimizes vibration wind loading from eddy currents and vortices.[7] At the top, the central core emerges and is sculpted to form a finishing spire. At its tallest point, the tower sways a total of 1.5 m (4.9 ft).[41]

The spiral minaret at the Great Mosque of Samarra

The spire of Burj Khalifa is composed of more than 4,000 tonnes (4,400 short tons; 3,900 long tons) of structural steel. The central pinnacle pipe weighs 350 tonnes (390 short tons; 340 long tons) and has a height of 200 m (660 ft). The spire also houses communications equipment.[42] This 244-metre (801 ft) spire is widely considered vanity height, since very little of its space is usable. Without the spire, Burj Khalifa would be 585 metres (1,919 ft) tall. This was reported in a Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat study, which notes that the empty spire "could be a skyscraper on its own".[2] Such a skyscraper, if located in Europe, would be the 11th tallest building on that continent.[43]

In 2009 architects announced that more than 1,000 pieces of art would adorn the interiors of Burj Khalifa, while the residential lobby of Burj Khalifa would display the work of Jaume Plensa.[44]

The cladding system consists of 142,000 m2 (1,528,000 sq ft) of more than 26,000 reflective glass panels and aluminium and textured stainless steel spandrel panels with vertical tubular fins.[42] The architectural glass provides solar and thermal performance as well as an anti-glare shield for the intense desert sun, extreme desert temperatures and strong winds. The glass covers more than 174,000 m2 (1,870,000 sq ft) in area.[citation needed] The Burj's typical curtain wall panels measure 4 ft 6 in (1.4 m) wide by 10 ft 8 in (3.3 m) high and weigh about 800 pounds (360 kg) each, with wider panels near the building's edges and taller ones near the top.[45]

The exterior temperature at the top of the building is thought to be 6 °C (11 °F) cooler than at its base.[46][needs update]

A 304-room Armani Hotel, the first of 4 by Armani, occupies 15 of the lower 39 floors.[3][47] The hotel was supposed to open on 18 March 2010,[48][49] but after several delays, it finally opened to the public on 27 April 2010.[50] The corporate suites and offices were also supposed to open from March onwards,[51] yet the hotel and observation deck remained the only parts of the building which were open in April 2010.

The sky lobbies on the 43rd and 76th floors house swimming pools.[52] Floors 20 through 108 have 900 private residential apartments (which, according to the developer, sold out within eight hours of being on the market). An outdoor zero-entry swimming pool is located on the 76th floor of the tower. Corporate offices and suites fill most of the remaining floors, except for the 122nd, 123rd, and 124th, where the At.mosphere restaurant, sky lobby, and an indoor and outdoor observation deck are located respectively. In January 2010, it was planned that Burj Khalifa would receive its first residents in February 2010.[52][53]

The building has 57 elevators and 8 escalators.[42] The elevators have a capacity of 12 to 14 people per cabin, and include the world's fastest double-deck elevators, rising and descending at up to 10 m/s (33 ft/s). Engineers initially considered installing the world's first triple-deck elevators.[25] The double-deckers are equipped with LCD displays to amuse visitors during their travel to the observation deck.[54] The building has 2,909 stairs from the ground floor to the 160th floor.[55]

Plumbing systems

[edit]

The Burj Khalifa's water system supplies an average of 946,000 L (250,000 U.S. gal) of water per day through 100 km (62 mi) of pipes.[22][56] An additional 213 km (132 mi) of piping serves the fire emergency system, and 34 km (21 mi) supplies chilled water for the air conditioning system.[56]

Air conditioning

[edit]

The air conditioning system draws air from the upper floors where the air is cooler and cleaner than on the ground.[57] At peak cooling times, the tower's cooling is 46 MW (62,000 hp), equivalent to that provided by 13,000 short tons (26,000,000 lb; 12,000,000 kg) of melting ice in one day.[56] Water is collected via a condensate collection system and is used to irrigate the nearby park.[22]

Window cleaning

[edit]

To wash the 24,348 windows, totaling 120,000 m2 (1,290,000 ft2) of glass, the building has three horizontal tracks, each holding a 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) bucket machine. Above level 109, and up to tier 27, traditional cradles from davits are used. The top of the building is cleaned by a crew that uses ropes to descend from the top to gain access.[58][59] Under normal conditions, when all building maintenance units are operational, it takes 36 workers three to four months to clean the entire exterior.[42][60]

Unmanned machines clean the top 27 additional tiers and the glass spire. The cleaning system was developed in Melbourne, Australia, by CoxGomyl, a manufacturer of building maintenance units,[61] at a cost of A$8 million.[60]

Features

[edit]

Fountain

[edit]
The Dubai Fountain

Outside the Burj Khalifa, WET Enterprises designed a fountain system at a cost of Dh 800 million (US$217 million). Illuminated by 6,600 lights and 50 coloured projectors, it is 270 m (900 ft) long and shoots water 150 m (500 ft) into the air while accompanied by a range of classical to contemporary Arabic and other music. It is the world's largest choreographed fountain.[62] On 26 October 2008, Emaar announced that based on results of a naming contest the fountain would be called the Dubai Fountain.[63]

Observation deck

[edit]
View of The Dubai Fountain from the observation deck
View from the observation deck

An outdoor observation deck, named At the Top, opened on 5 January 2010 on the 124th floor, at 452 m (1,483 ft).[64] It opened the 148th floor SKY level at 555 m (1,821 ft), giving it the highest observation deck in the world on 15 October 2014.[65][66] However, in June 2016 the Shanghai Tower opened with an observation deck at a height of 561 metres, thus taking the title of the world's highest observation deck. Subsequently, the Burj Khalifa reclaimed the record on February 18, 2019, when it opened The Lounge observatory at 585 m (1,919 ft), which is also the highest lounge in the world.[67]

The Burj Khalifa's 124th floor observation deck also features a so-called electronic telescope, an augmented reality device developed by Gsmprjct° of Montréal, which allows visitors to view the surrounding landscape in real-time, and to view previously saved images such as those taken at different times of day or under different weather conditions.[68][69][70] To reduce the daily rush of sightseers, management allows visitors to purchase tickets in advance for a specific date and time, at a 75% discount on tickets purchased on the spot.[71]

On 8 February 2010, the observation deck was closed to the public for two months after power-supply problems caused an elevator to become stuck between floors, trapping a group of tourists for 45 minutes.[72][73][74][75][76]

When the tide is low and visibility is high, people can see the shores of Iran (which is around 153 km or 95 mi away) from the top of the skyscraper.[77]

Park

[edit]

Burj Khalifa is surrounded by an eleven-hectare (27-acre) park designed by landscape architects SWA Group.[78] Like the tower, the park's design was based on the flower of the Hymenocallis, a desert plant.[79] At the centre of the park is the water room, which is a series of pools and water jet fountains. Benches and signs incorporate images of Burj Khalifa and the Hymenocallis flower.[80]

The plants are watered by water collected from the building's cooling system. The system provides 68,000,000 L (18,000,000 US gal) annually.[80] WET Enterprises, who also developed the Dubai Fountain, developed the park's six water features.[81]

Floor plan

[edit]
Floors Purpose[42][82] Dimetric projection with floors colour-coded by function[83]
160–163 Mechanical
 
156–159 Communication and broadcast
155 Mechanical
152–154 The Lounge observatory
149–151 Corporate suites
148 At the Top Sky observatory
139–147 Corporate suites
136–138 Mechanical
125–135 Corporate suites
124 At the Top observatory
123 Sky lobby
122 At.mosphere restaurant
111–121 Corporate suites
109–110 Mechanical
77–108 Residential
76 Sky lobby
73–75 Mechanical
44–72 Residential
43 Sky lobby
40–42 Mechanical
38–39 Armani Hotel suites
19–37 Residential
17–18 Mechanical
9–16 Armani Residences
1–8 Armani Hotel
Ground Armani Hotel, Lobby
Concourse Armani Hotel, Lobby
B1–B2 Parking, Mechanical

Ramadan observance

[edit]

On the higher floors, the sun is seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level. Those living above the 80th floor should wait two extra minutes to break their Ramadan fast, and those living above the 150th floor should wait three minutes.[84]

Construction

[edit]
Animation of construction process
Aerial closeup of Burj Khalifa under construction in March 2008

The tower was constructed by Samsung C&T from South Korea, which also did work on the Petronas Twin Towers and Taipei 101.[85] Samsung C&T built the tower in a joint venture with BESIX from Belgium and Arabtec from the UAE.[86][87] Turner was the project manager on the main construction contract.[88] Hong Kong-based Far East Aluminium combined to provide the exterior cladding for Burj Khalifa.[89][90]

The contractor and the engineer of record was Hyder Consulting.[91] Under UAE law, the contractor and the engineer of record is jointly and severally liable for the performance of Burj Khalifa.

The primary structure is reinforced concrete. Putzmeister created a new, super high-pressure trailer concrete pump, the BSA 14000 SHP-D, for this project.[24] Burj Khalifa's construction used 330,000 m3 (431,600 cu yd) of concrete and 55,000 tonnes (61,000 short tons; 54,000 long tons) of steel rebar, and construction took 22 million man-hours.[11] In May 2008 Putzmeister pumped concrete with more than 21 MPA ultimate compressive strength of gravel to surpass the 600 metres weight of the effective area of each column from the foundation to the next 4th level, and the rest was by metal columns jacketed or covered with concrete to a then world record delivery height of 606 m (1,988 ft),[24] the 156th floor. Three tower cranes were used during the construction of the uppermost levels, each capable of lifting a 25-tonne load.[92] The remaining structure above was constructed of lighter steel.

In 2003, 33 test holes were drilled to study the strength of the bedrock underlying the structure.[93] "Weak to very weak sandstone and siltstone" was found, just metres below the surface.[94] Samples were taken from test holes drilled to a depth of 140 metres, finding weak to very weak rock all the way.[95] The study described the site as part of a "seismically active area".[citation needed] Another challenging element was the shamal which often creates sandstorms.[20]

Over 45,000 m3 (58,900 cu yd) of concrete, weighing more than 110,000 tonnes (120,000 short tons; 110,000 long tons) were used to construct the concrete and steel foundation, which features 192 piles; each pile is 1.5 metre in diameter by 43 m in length, buried more than 50 m (164 ft) deep.[25] The foundation was designed to support the total building weight of approximately 450,000 tonnes (500,000 short tons; 440,000 long tons). This weight was then divided by the compressive strength of concrete which is 30 MPa which yielded 450 sq. metres of vertical normal effective area, which then yielded 12 metres by 12 metres dimensions.[96] A cathodic protection system is under the concrete to neutralise the sulphate and chloride-rich groundwater and prevent corrosion.[42][20]

During the construction of the Burj Khalifa, over 35,000 tonnes of structural steel was obtained from the Palace of the Republic in Berlin, which had served as the parliament building for the Volkskammer of the former East Germany. The steel was shipped to Dubai after the Palace's demolition was completed in 2008.[5]

The Burj Khalifa is highly compartmentalised. Pressurised, air-conditioned refuge floors are located every 13 floors (on floors G, 13, 26, 39, 52, etc.) where people can shelter on their long walk down to safety in case of an emergency or fire.[42][97]

Special mixes of concrete were made to withstand the extreme pressures of the massive building weight; as is typical with reinforced concrete construction, each batch of concrete was tested to ensure it could withstand certain pressures. CTLGroup, working for Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, conducted the creep and shrinkage testing critical for the structural analysis of the building.[98]

The consistency of the concrete used in the project was essential. It was difficult to create a concrete that could withstand both the thousands of tonnes bearing down on it and Persian Gulf temperatures that can reach 50 °C (122 °F). To combat this problem, the concrete was not poured during the day. Instead, during the summer months, ice was added to the mixture and it was poured at night when the air was cooler and the humidity was higher. Cooler concrete cures more evenly and is, therefore, less likely to set too quickly and crack. Any significant cracks could have put the entire project in jeopardy.[99][100][101][102][103]

Milestones

[edit]
Burj Khalifa and skyline of Dubai, 2010
  • January 2004: Excavation commences.[26]
  • February 2004: Piling starts.[26]
  • 21 September 2004: Emaar contractors begin construction.[104]
  • March 2005: Structure of Burj Khalifa starts rising.[26]
  • June 2006: Level 50 is reached.[26]
  • February 2007: Surpasses the Sears Tower as the building with the most floors.
  • 13 May 2007: Sets record for vertical concrete pumping on any building at 452 m (1,483 ft), surpassing the 449.2 m (1,474 ft) to which concrete was pumped during the construction of Taipei 101, while Burj Khalifa reached the 130th floor.[26][105]
  • 21 July 2007: Surpasses Taipei 101, whose height of 509.2 m (1,671 ft) made it the world's tallest building, and level 141 reached.[26][106]
  • 12 August 2007: Surpasses the Sears Tower antenna, which stands 527 m (1,729 ft).
  • 12 September 2007: At 555.3 m (1,822 ft), becomes the world's tallest freestanding structure, surpassing the CN Tower in Toronto, and level 150 reached.[26][107]
  • 7 April 2008: At 629 m (2,064 ft), surpasses the KVLY-TV Mast to become the tallest human-made structure, level 160 reached.[26][108]
  • 17 June 2008: Emaar announces that Burj Khalifa's height is over 636 m (2,087 ft) and that its final height will not be given until it is completed in September 2009.[109]
  • 1 September 2008: Height tops 688 m (2,257 ft), making it the tallest human-made structure ever built, surpassing the previous record-holder, the Warsaw Radio Mast in Konstantynów, Poland.[110]
  • 17 January 2009: Topped out at 829.8 m (2,722 ft).[111]
  • 1 October 2009: Emaar announces that the exterior of the building is completed.[112]
  • 4 January 2010: Burj Khalifa's official launch ceremony is held and Burj Khalifa is opened. Burj Dubai was renamed Burj Khalifa in honour of the President of the UAE and ruler of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al Nahyan.[4]
  • 10 March 2010: Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat certifies Burj Khalifa as world's tallest building.[113]

Real estate values

[edit]

In March 2009, Mohamed Ali Alabbar, chairman of the project's developer, Emaar Properties, said office space pricing at Burj Khalifa reached US$4,000 per sq ft (over US$43,000 per m2) and the Armani Residences, also in Burj Khalifa, sold for US$3,500 per sq ft (over US$37,500 per m2).[114] He estimated the total cost for the project to be about US$1.5 billion.[6]

The project's completion coincided with the Great Recession, and with vast overbuilding in the country, leading to high vacancies and foreclosures.[115] With Dubai mired in debt from its huge ambitions, the government was forced to seek multibillion-dollar bailouts from its oil-rich neighbor Abu Dhabi. Subsequently, in a surprise move at its opening ceremony, the tower was renamed Burj Khalifa, said to honour the UAE President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan for his crucial support.[4][116]

Because of the slumping demand in Dubai's property market, the rents in the Burj Khalifa plummeted 40% some ten months after its opening. Out of 900 apartments in the tower, 825 were still empty at that time.[117][118] Over the next 30 months, overseas investors steadily bought up available apartments and office space.[119] By October 2012, Emaar reported that around 80% of the apartments were occupied.[120]

Official launch ceremony

[edit]
The opening ceremony of Burj Khalifa

The ceremony was broadcast live on a giant screen on Burj Park Island and on smaller screens elsewhere.[121] Hundreds of media outlets from around the world reported live from the scene.[122] In addition to the media presence, 6,000 guests were expected.[123]

The opening was held on 4 January 2010.[124] The ceremony featured a display of 10,000 fireworks, light beams projected on and around the tower, and further sound, light and water effects.[122] The celebratory lighting was designed by UK lighting designers Speirs and Major Associates.[125] Using the 868 powerful stroboscope lights that are integrated into the façade and spire of the tower, different lighting sequences were choreographed, together with more than 50 different combinations of other effects.[citation needed]

Controversies

[edit]

Incidents

[edit]

On 10 May 2011, an Asian migrant worker in his mid-30s jumped to his death from the 147th floor onto the 108th floor's deck. Dubai police said he killed himself because his company refused to let him leave the country.[126]

On 18 May 2015, Dubai police disputed a report that a Portuguese tourist named Laura Vanessa Nunes fell to her death from the Burj Khalifa the prior 16 November, claiming that she fell from the Jumeirah Lake Towers.[127][128] Nine News obtained emails from Portugal's embassy in the UAE under freedom of information laws, which indicated that the female tourist jumped from the 148th floor of the Burj Khalifa.[129]

Labour

[edit]

The Burj Khalifa was built primarily by workers from South Asia and East Asia.[130][131] This is generally because the current generation of UAE locals prefer governmental jobs and do not have an attitude favouring private sector employment.[132][133] On 17 June 2008, there were about 7,500 skilled workers employed at the construction site.[109] Press reports indicated in 2006 that skilled carpenters at the site earned £4.34 a day, and labourers earned £2.84.[130] According to a BBC investigation and a Human Rights Watch report, the workers were housed in abysmal conditions, and worked long hours for low pay.[134][135][136] During construction, one construction-related death was reported.[137] Workplace injuries and deaths in the UAE are poorly documented, according to Human Rights Watch.[134]

In March 2006 about 2,500 workers, upset over buses that were delayed for the end of their shifts, protested and triggered a riot, damaging cars, offices, computers, and construction equipment.[130] A Dubai Interior Ministry official said the rioters caused almost £500,000 in damage.[130] Most of the workers involved in the riot returned the following day but refused to work.[130]

New Year's Eve

[edit]

Emaar New Year's Eve is an annual event held every 31 December at Burj Khalifa, organised by Emaar Properties.[138][139] The event consists of fireworks launched from Burj Khalifa, a light and laser show on the facade of Burj Khalifa, and an accompanying soundtrack and a special fountain show on The Dubai Fountain choreographed to the soundtrack.[140][141] The Emaar New Year's Eve fireworks celebration originated in 2010 with the inauguration of the world's tallest building, Burj Khalifa. The celebration was broadcast live to more than 2 million people and lasted for 3 minutes.[142]

Since 2011, national live broadcasting rights have been held by Dubai Media Incorporated and Dubai TV.[142]

Emaar New Year's Eve has won two Guinness World Records, including "Largest LED-Illuminated Facade" in 2015 and 2019.[143][144][145]

In 2017 and 2018, Emaar New Year's Eve was broadcast live on Twitter,[146][147] and YouTube. In 2020, it was broadcast live for the first time on Zoom.[148]

In 2021, Emaar celebrated solidarity in honour of frontline workers of the COVID-19 pandemic.[149]

For the 2022 event, a laser feature was installed on The Dubai Fountain in sync with the Burj Khalifa's laser and fireworks show.[150]

BASE jumping

[edit]

The building has been used by several experienced BASE jumpers for authorised and unauthorised BASE jumping:

In May 2008, Hervé Le Gallou and David McDonnell, dressed as engineers, entered Burj Khalifa (around 650 metres (2,130 ft) at the time), and jumped off a balcony situated several floors below the 160th floor.[151][152]

On 8 January 2010, with permission of the authorities, Nasr Al Niyadi and Omar Al Hegelan, from the Emirates Aviation Society, broke the world record for the highest BASE jump from a building after they leapt from a crane-suspended platform attached to the 160th floor at 672 m (2,205 ft). The two men descended the vertical drop at a speed of up to 220 km/h (140 mph), with enough time to open their parachutes 10 seconds into the 90-second jump.[153][154]

On 21 April 2014, with permission of the authorities and support from several sponsors, highly experienced French BASE jumpers Vince Reffet and Fred Fugen broke the Guinness world record for the highest BASE jump from a building after they leapt from a specially designed platform, built at the very top of the pinnacle, at 828 metres (2,717 feet).[155][156][157]

Climbing

[edit]

On 28 March 2011, Alain "Spiderman" Robert scaled the outside of Burj Khalifa. The climb to the top of the spire took 6 hours. To comply with UAE safety laws, Robert, who usually climbs in free solo style, used a rope and harness.[158]

Awards

[edit]
Burj Khalifa artwork project made of Lego in Bricksworld 2014

In June 2010, Burj Khalifa was the recipient of the 2010 "Best Tall Building Middle East & Africa" award by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat.[159] On 28 September 2010 Burj Khalifa won the award for the best project of the year at the Middle East Architect Awards 2010.[160] Awards Chair Gordon Gill, of Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture, said:

We are talking about a building here that has changed the landscape of what is possible in architecture – a building that became internationally recognized as an icon long before it was even completed. 'Building of the Century' was thought a more apt title for it.[161]

Burj Khalifa was also the recipient of the following awards.[162][163]

Year Award
2012 Award of Merit for World Voices Sculpture, Burj Khalifa Lobby from Structural Engineers Association of Illinois (SEAOI), Chicago.
2011 Interior Architecture Award, Certificate of Merit from AIA – Chicago Chapter.
Distinguished Building Award, Citation of Merit from AIA – Chicago Chapter.
Interior Architecture Award: Special Recognition from AIA – Chicago Chapter.
Design Excellence Award: Special Function Room.
Excellence in Engineering from ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers) – Illinois Chapter.
Outstanding Structure Award from International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering.
Decade of Design, Presidential Commendation in Corporate Space Small from International Interior Design Association (IIDA).
Decade of Design • Best of Category/Mixed Use Buildings from International Interior Design Association (IIDA).
GCC Technical Building Project of the Year from MEED (formerly Middle East Economic Digest).
Project of the Year from MEED.
2010 International Architecture Award.
Arab Achievement Award 2010: Best Architecture Project from Arab Investment Summit.
Architecture Award (Mixed Use) Dubai from Arabian Property Awards.
Architecture Award (Mixed Use) Arabian Region from Arabian Property Awards.
International Architecture Award from Chicago Athenaeum.
American Architecture Award from Chicago Athenaeum.
Commercial / Mixed Use Built from Cityscape.
Best Mixed Use Built Development in Cityscape Abu Dhabi.
Skyscraper Award: Silver Medal from Emporis.
Award for Commercial or Retail Structure from Institution of Structural Engineers.
International Architecture Award (Mixed Use) from International Commercial Property Awards.
Special Recognition for Technological Advancement from International Highrise Awards.
Best Structural Design of the Year from LEAF Award.
International Projects Category: Outstanding Project from National Council of Structural Engineers Associations.
Best of What's New from Popular Science Magazine.
Spark Awards, Silver Award.
Excellence in Structural Engineering: Most Innovative Structure from SEAOI.

See also

[edit]
  • List of buildings in Dubai
  • List of buildings with 100 floors or more
  • List of development projects in Dubai
  • List of tallest buildings and structures
  • List of tallest freestanding structures
  • List of tallest buildings in Dubai
  • List of tallest buildings in the United Arab Emirates
  • List of tallest buildings
  • List of tallest structures
  • Jeddah Tower

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Arabic: بُرْج خَلِيفَة, Burj Khalīfah, pronounced [bʊrd͡ʒ xaˈliːfa], lit.'Khalifa tower'

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[edit]
  • Official website
  • "The Burj Dubai Tower Wind Engineering" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2026. (597 KB) (Structure magazine, June 2006)
  • "The Wind Engineering of the Burj Dubai Tower" (PDF). Archived from the original on 14 September 2017.cite web: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) (620 KB) (Irwin et al., November 2006)
  • BBC reports: Burj Khalifa opening, with video and links; Maintaining the world's tallest building
  • Geographic data related to Burj Khalifa at OpenStreetMap

25°11′50″N 55°16′27″E / 25.1972°N 55.2742°E / 25.1972; 55.2742

 

 

Emirates
An Emirates Airbus A380
IATA ICAO Call sign
EK UAE EMIRATES
Founded 15 March 1985; 40 years ago (1985-03-15)
Commenced operations October 25, 1985; 40 years ago (1985-10-25)
Hubs Dubai International Airport
Frequent-flyer program Emirates Skywards
Subsidiaries
  • Arabian Adventures
  • Congress Solutions International
  • Emirates Holidays
  • Emirates Tours
Fleet size 260
Destinations 148
Parent company The Emirates Group
Headquarters Garhoud, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Key people
  • Tim Clark (President)
  • Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum (Chairman & CEO)
Founder Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum
Revenue Increase US$ 34.83 billion (2024-25)[1]
Net income Increase US$ 5.19 billion (2024-25)[1]
Employees 69,465 (2024-25)[1]
Website emirates.com

Emirates[a] is one of the two flag carriers[2] of the United Arab Emirates (the other being Etihad Airways). Based in Garhoud, Dubai, the airline is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group, which is owned by the government of Dubai's Investment Corporation of Dubai.[3] It is the world's largest long haul airline[4] as well as the largest airline in the Middle East,[5] operating more than 3,600 flights per week from its hub at Terminal 3 of Dubai International Airport. It operates in more than 150 cities in 80 countries across six continents on its fleet of over 250 aircraft.[6] Cargo operations are undertaken by Emirates SkyCargo.[7]

Emirates is the world's third-largest airline by scheduled revenue passenger-kilometers flown.[8] It is also the second-largest in terms of freight tonne-kilometers flown.

During the mid 1980s, Gulf Air began to cut back its services to Dubai. As a result, Emirates was founded on 15 March 1985, with backing from Dubai's royal family and its first two aircraft provided by Pakistan International Airlines. With $10 million in start-up capital, it was required to operate independently of government subsidies. Pakistan International Airlines also provided free training facilities to Emirates cabin crew at Karachi Airport. The airline was founded by Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum, the airline's present chairman. In the years following its founding, the airline rapidly expanded both its fleet and its destinations. In October 2008, Emirates moved all of its operations at Dubai International Airport to Terminal 3.[9]

Emirates operates a mixed fleet of Airbus and Boeing wide-body aircraft and is one of the few airlines to operate an all-wide-body aircraft fleet (excluding Emirates Executive).[10] As of January 2026, Emirates is the world's largest Airbus A380 operator with 116 aircraft in service.[11] Since its introduction, the Airbus A380 has become an integral part of the Emirates fleet, especially on long-haul, high-density routes. Emirates is also the world's largest Boeing 777 operator with 133 aircraft in service.[12]

History

[edit]

Emirates was founded in March 1985 with backing from Dubai's ruler, Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

On 25 October 1985, Emirates operated its first flight from Dubai International Airport to Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, Pakistan using an Airbus A300B4-200, registered AP-BBM. Later a second flight departed Dubai for Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport in Mumbai, India, using a Boeing 737-300, registered AP-BCD, both wet-leased from Pakistan International Airlines. In 1986, Emirates added Ratmalana Airport, Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport, Queen Alia International Airport and Cairo International Airport to its route network.

On 3 July 1987, A6-EKA flew from Toulouse–Blagnac Airport to Dubai as Emirates took delivery of its first owned aircraft, an Airbus A310-304. Flights to Frankfurt Airport commenced via Atatürk Airport, London Gatwick and Male International Airport. This was followed by Changi Airport, Bangkok airport and Hong Kong International Airport.

During its early years, Emirates experienced strong growth, averaging 30% annually.[13] The Gulf War helped boost business for the airline as it was the only airline to continue flying in the last ten days of the war. In June 1991 shortly after the end of the hostilities caused by the Gulf War, Emirates finally managed to acquire slots at London Heathrow. In 1996, Emirates took delivery of its baseline Boeing 777-200, followed by the extended-range version in 1997 and in 1999 the Airbus A330-200 and Boeing 777-300. In 2000, the airline placed an order for a large number of aircraft, including the Boeing 777-300ER and the Airbus A380, and also launched its frequent flyer program, Skywards.[14]

Since then, the airline has continued to expand its fleet and network, with a focus on operating flights to anywhere in the world via Dubai and competing with other major airlines on international routes. Its growth has attracted criticism from other carriers, who claim that the airline has unfair advantages and have called for an end to open-skies policies with the UAE as a result.[15][16] In 2017, Emirates "renewed its aircraft buying spree" and agreed to buy a number of Boeing's 787 Dreamliners for $15.1 billion. The Wall Street Journal described the deal as a "painful loss" for Airbus.[17] In 2023, Emirates ordered $50 billion of Boeing jets with their sister airline, flyDubai at the Dubai Airshow.[18] Emirates ordered 90 aircraft, including both versions of the new long-haul jet.[18]

In April 2024, Emirates announced its plan to relocate its hub to Al Maktoum Airport (DWC) when the new airport is fully completed.[19]

Corporate management

[edit]
Emirates flight attendants

The airline is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group, which is a subsidiary of the Dubai government's investment company, Investment Corporation of Dubai.[20][21][22] The airline has recorded a profit every year, except its second year, and the growth has never fallen below 20% a year. In its first 11 years, it doubled in size every 3.5 years and has every four years since.[23]

In 2015, Emirates paid dividends worth AED 2.6 billion (US$708 million), compared to AED 1 billion (US$272 million) in 2014.[24] The government has received AED 14.6 billion from Emirates since dividends started being paid in 1999 for having provided an initial start-up capital of US$10 million and an additional investment of about US$80 million at the time of the airline's inception.[25] The Dubai government is the sole owner of the company, but it does not invest any new money into it or interfere with the airline's operations.[23]

Structure and employment

[edit]

Emirates has diversified into related industries and sectors, including airport services, engineering, catering, and tour operator operations. Emirates has seven subsidiaries and its parent company has more than 50.[26][27] At the end of the fiscal year on 31 March 2020, the company employed a total of 59,519 staff, of which 21,789 were cabin crew, 4,313 were flight deck crew, 3,316 were in engineering, 12,627 were listed as other, 5,376 employees were at overseas stations, and 12,098 were at subsidiary companies.[1]: 72  The Emirates Group employed a total of 105,730 employees.[1]: 184 

Emirates provides its employees with benefits such as comprehensive health plans and paid maternity and sick leave. Another strategy employed by Emirates is to use profit sharing and merit pay as part of its competency-based approach to performance management.[28] In 2023 and 2024, the group awarded its employees hefty bonuses as their share of the company's profits earned in those years. In 2023, employees got 24 weeks of pay[29] as their bonus, and in 2024, they received 20 weeks of pay.[30] In 2025, Emirates Group awarded its employees a 22-week bonus following a record-breaking profit of AED 22.7 billion—an 18% increase over the prior year.

Environmental record

[edit]

The airline claims to have lower emissions than other airlines because its fleet has an average fuel burn of fewer than 4 liters for every 100 passenger–kilometers.[31] In 2023, the airline announced it would invest $200 million over three years to fund research and development regarding the reduction of fossil fuels in commercial aviation, including investing in the development of alternative fuel and energy solutions.[32]

[edit]

The key trends for Emirates are (as of the financial year ending 31 March):[33]

Branding

[edit]
Emirates logo (in Arabic) painted on one of its Airbus A380-800's engines
A Boeing 777-300ER (painted in the Expo 2020 orange livery) at Sydney Airport

In the 1990s, Emirates launched its first set of commercials all with the slogan "So be good to yourself, Fly Emirates". In 1999, it launched a rare A330-200 commercial with different pictures showing the aircraft painted in the original livery and the livery used from 1999 until 2023, which was launched a few months prior.

Commercials reappeared beginning in 2002 and the airline adopted the slogan "Fly Emirates. Keep Discovering" in 2004. In the 2010s, Emirates utilized multiple slogans in its advertising including "Fly Emirates. Keep Discovering", "Fly Emirates To over Six Continents", and "Hello Tomorrow".[41] Emirates currently uses the slogan "Fly Better".

Emirates introduced a new uniform design in August 2008 for its 16,000 staff, designed by Simon Jersey. The offboard uniform includes the Emirates hat, red kick-pleats in the skirts, more fitted blouses, and the return of red leather shoes and handbags. For the onboard uniform, male and female cabin crew wear service waistcoats in place of the previously worn service jackets and tabards. The male flight attendants wear a chocolate brown suit, featuring pinstripes, with a cream shirt and caramel, honey, and red tie. Both male and female pursers wear this chocolate brown color but with no red featured.[42]

Since its formation in 1985, Emirates aircraft have carried a section of the United Arab Emirates flag on the tail fins, a calligraphy version of the logo in Arabic on the engines, and the "Emirates" logo on the fuselage both in Arabic and English. The color scheme used since 1985 was changed in November 1999, with the first Boeing 777-300.[43] This change included the modification of the logotype, the enlargement and movement of the English logo (the Arabic remaining smaller) towards the front of the aircraft, and a different, flowing flag on the tailfin.[44]

In 2022, Emirates launched two commercials featuring a flight attendant standing on the spire of the Burj Khalifa. The first commercial was about the UAE moving to the UK's Amber list in the wake of the COVID-19 travel restrictions. The second commercial was to promote the Expo 2020 event with an Airbus A380, painted in a special livery, circling the woman. The woman in the videos was a qualified stuntwoman dressed as an Emirates flight attendant.[45]

Sponsorship

[edit]

Infrastructure

[edit]
Emirates Air Line cable cars in London

From 2011 until 2022, Emirates sponsored the Emirates Air Line cable car over the River Thames in East London.[46]

Since 2015, Emirates has sponsored the England-based Spinnaker Tower in Portsmouth on the south coast.[47] The airline had £3.5 million worth of plans to paint the landmark red, but after discussion with the residents of Portsmouth and Southsea, Emirates agreed the tower was to be colored blue and gold, with red lettering of the Emirates sponsor,[48] for the reason that Portsmouth F.C. (the local football team) is colored blue and rival football team Southampton F.C. is colored red. It is now named "Emirates Spinnaker Tower".

Sports

[edit]

Cricket

[edit]
An A380 in a special livery for the 2019 Cricket World Cup

Emirates sponsors Cricket Australia,[49] Lord's Taverners,[50] and Pro Arch Tournament.[51] Its branding also features on international cricket umpires' shirts.[52] Emirates was also an official partner of the International Cricket Council. The deal gives Emirates association with all major ICC tournaments, including the 2011, 2015, and 2019 ICC Cricket World Cups, the Women's Cricket World Cups, ICC Champions Trophy, and ICC World Twenty20.[53]

Emirates is the Twenty20 shirt sponsor of Durham County Cricket Club and holds the naming rights to the Riverside Ground, now known as Emirates Riverside, as well as the naming rights to the Emirates Old Trafford Cricket Ground, and is the shirt sponsor of Lancashire County Cricket Club. Emirates was also the major sponsor of the Kings XI Punjab (seasons two-four) and Deccan Chargers (season five), teams of the Indian Premier League, the largest domestic cricket tournament in the world.

Football

[edit]
The Emirates Stadium in London, home ground of Arsenal F.C.

Emirates was a sponsor of FIFA and the FIFA World Cup, but stopped its sponsorship in early 2015 because of allegations of corruption and bribery within FIFA, as well as FIFA's controversial decision to award the 2022 FIFA World Cup to Qatar.[54]

Emirates was the primary shirt sponsor of Chelsea from August 2001 until May 2005.[55] Since the 2006–07 season, it has been the primary shirt sponsor of Arsenal (2006 to 2028, including Arsenal's home ground Emirates Stadium),[56] AC Milan since the 2010–11 season, Real Madrid since the 2013–14 season, Benfica since the 2015–16 season,[57] Olympique Lyonnais since the 2020–21 season,[58] and Étoile du Sahel since the 2023–24 season.[59] It was also the primary shirt sponsor of the New York Cosmos. Emirates is also the title sponsor of the FA Cup and Emirates Cup. It was also the primary shirt sponsor of Paris Saint-Germain (until May 2019), and Hamburger SV until June 2020.

In August 2009, the Scottish Junior Football Association announced that Emirates would sponsor its Scottish Cup competition.[60] Emirates is the sponsor of Asian Football Confederation travel and play, in the AFC Champions League and AFF Suzuki Cup. It also sponsors FC Dallas in Major League Soccer.

Football clubs currently sponsored by Emirates

  • England Arsenal
  • England Arsenal WFC
  • France Lyon
  • Italy AC Milan
  • Italy AC Milan WFC
  • Spain Real Madrid
  • Spain Real Madrid B
  • Spain Real Madrid W
  • Portugal Benfica
  • Portugal Benfica B
  • Portugal Benfica under-19
  • Tunisia Étoile du Sahel
  • United States FC Dallas

Rugby

[edit]

Emirates has sponsored the Super League Rugby League team, the Warrington Wolves between 2013 and 2017. The multi-year sponsorship cost has been touted as around £300,000 annually.[61]

It is also the main sponsor of USA Rugby[62] and the World Rugby panel of international referees.[62] Since 2015, Emirates has sponsored the South African Super Rugby team, the Lions and has the naming rights of the team and the Ellis Park rugby stadium.

It also sponsors the Rugby World Cup since 2007 and the Women's Rugby World Cup starting in 2025.

Basketball

[edit]

On 23 September 2019, Emirates partnered with Beirut Basketball Club to sponsor their 2019–2020 season; the deal included branding opportunities during televised matches, social media activation rights, and game ticket allocations.[63] The season was later canceled amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Emirates later signed a multi-year sponsorship with the club in September 2023, becoming its official airline and jersey sponsor for the next three seasons.[64]

On 8 February 2024, Emirates signed a multi-year partnership with the National Basketball Association (NBA) to become the official airline of the league. This deal also included getting the naming rights for the NBA Cup, becoming the Emirates NBA Cup starting in the 2024 season. Additionally, an Emirates patch would be added to NBA referee jerseys.[65]

Other sports

[edit]
  • Horse racing - Emirates sponsors the Dubai International Racing Carnival. It sponsored the Australian Turf Club's Autumn and Spring Carnival until 2011, and the Melbourne Cup Carnival from 2003 until 2017.[66][67] It is also a regular sponsor of another equestrian sport, showjumping, notably at events in Dubai with the CSI5* Emirates Airline Dubai Grand Prix, and with the Longines Masters series, which currently runs CSI5* competitions in Hong Kong, Paris, and New York (formerly held in Los Angeles).
  • Tennis - It sponsors all four major tennis tournaments: the Australian, French and US Opens, and Wimbledon (since 2024). Since the 2012 season, Emirates also sponsored the US Open Series, a six-week summer tennis season leading up to the US Open. Its sponsorship was to run until 2019.[68]
  • Formula One (F1) - It was the sponsor of the British F1 team McLaren in the 2006 season. It was also the official airline sponsor of Formula One from the 2013 season until the 2022 season. It was outbid by rival Qatar Airways for the 2023 season.[69]
  • Australian football - Emirates sponsors Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League.
  • Baseball - Since the 2016 season, Emirates is the official airline of the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball.
  • Cycling - Since 2017, Emirates has been the sponsor of the UAE Team Emirates (former Team Lampre-Mérida), which is a UCI World Tour Cycling Team. Being a World Tour, the team obtains automatic entry to the Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, and Vuelta a Espana, as well as all the major one-day races.
  • Sailing - Emirates is the primary sponsor of the Emirates Team New Zealand, winners of the 35th America's Cup in sailing.

Spokesperson

[edit]

In 2015, Jennifer Aniston starred in two commercials for the airline.[70][71] Since 2023, Penélope Cruz has been the brand ambassador for Emirates.[72]

Expo 2020

[edit]

Emirates became one of the official premier partners of the Expo 2020 event hosted by Dubai. To commemorate the event, Emirates unveiled a special livery in three colors (orange, green, and blue) to represent the three themes of the event, namely, Opportunity, Sustainability, and Mobility. One of its A380s was painted in a blue, nose-to-tail livery that said, "Join The Making of a New World". The sponsorship lasted from 1 October 2021 till the event's closure on 31 March 2022.

Network

[edit]
A Boeing 777-200LR taking off from Los Angeles (LAX), one of the airline's longest nonstop flights
A6-EVS, the final Airbus A380 produced

As of August 2024, Emirates operates over 3,000 flights every week across its network of 137 destinations in 77 countries across six continents from its hub in Dubai.[73] On 21 November 2024, Emirates added a 5th weekly flight to its Dubai-Antananarivo route, commencing on 13 December 2024 for a duration of 4 weeks, to cater for the surge in holidaymakers during the year-end festive season. The move saw an increase in capacity for the number of seats to Seychelles and Madagascar.[74]

On 10 October 2024, it was reported that Emirates had relaunched direct flights to Adelaide Airport beginning 28 October 2024. The flight resumption to Adelaide was a fourth option for travelers to the United Kingdom or Europe after Malaysia Airlines, Singapore Airlines and Qatar Airways.[75]

In March 2025, Emirates announced plans to expand its Asian network by introducing flights to three new destinations: Shenzhen in China, Da Nang in Vietnam, and Siem Reap in Cambodia. This expansion marks Emirates' fourth gateway into the Chinese mainland and its third into Vietnam. With these additions, the Dubai-based airline will now serve 49 destinations across Asia and the Pacific. This move aims to enhance connectivity and cater to the growing demand for travel in these regions.[76][77]

Alliance

[edit]

Emirates has partnerships with other airlines, but is not a member of any of the three global airline alliances – Oneworld, SkyTeam, or Star Alliance. In 2000, the airline briefly considered joining Star Alliance, but opted to remain independent.[78] The reasoning for this was later revealed by the senior vice president of the airline's commercial operations worldwide: "Your ability to react in the marketplace is hindered because you need a consensus from your alliance partners".[79]

Codeshare agreements

[edit]

Emirates codeshares with the following airlines:[80]

  • Aegean Airlines[81]
  • Air Canada[82]
  • Air Mauritius
  • Air Seychelles[83]
  • airBaltic[84]
  • Airlink
  • Avianca
  • Azul Brazilian Airlines[85]
  • Bangkok Airways
  • Batik Air[86]
  • Batik Air Malaysia[87]
  • Caribbean Airlines[88]
  • China Southern Airlines[89]
  • Condor[90]
  • Copa Airlines
  • flydubai[91]
  • Garuda Indonesia[92]
  • Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes
  • Gulf Air
  • Icelandair[93]
  • ITA Airways[94]
  • Japan Airlines
  • Jetstar
  • Korean Air
  • LATAM Brasil
  • Qantas
  • Renfe (railway)[95]
  • Royal Air Maroc[96]
  • S7 Airlines[97]
  • Swedish Railways (railway)[98]
  • SNCF (railway)
  • SpiceJet[99][100]
  • TAP Air Portugal
  • Thai Airways International
  • Trenitalia (railway)[101]
  • Tunisair
  • Uganda Airlines
  • United Airlines[102]
  • WestJet

Interline agreements

[edit]

Emirates have Interline agreements with the following airlines:

  • Aer Lingus[103]
  • Air Algérie[103]
  • Air Burkina[104]
  • Air Caledonie[103]
  • Air China[105]
  • Air Peace[106]
  • Air Tahiti Nui[107]
  • All Nippon Airways[103]
  • Aurigny[103]
  • Biman Bangladesh Airlines[103]
  • China Airlines[107]
  • Condor[108]
  • Corsair International[107]
  • DAT[103]
  • Deutsche Bahn (railway) [109]
  • Etihad Airways[110]
  • Fiji Airways[107]
  • flydubai[111]
  • Japan Transocean Air[103]
  • Kam Air[103]
  • KTX (railway)[112]
  • Kuwait Airways[113]
  • Lao Airlines[114]
  • LATAM Ecuador[103]
  • Loganair[115]
  • Maldivian[116]
  • Mandarin Airlines[103]
  • Mauritania Airlines[103]
  • Myanmar Airways International[103]
  • Nepal Airlines[103]
  • Philippine Airlines[117]
  • Royal Brunei Airlines[118]
  • Singapore Airlines[103]
  • Sun Express[103]
  • SriLankan Airlines[119]
  • Sky Express[120]
  • Starlux Airlines[103]
  • Swiss International Air Lines[121]
  • Swiss Railways (railway)[122]
  • Turkish Airlines[123]

Divisions

[edit]

Emirates Executive

[edit]

Emirates Executive was launched in 2013 for corporate and private charters. It operates a single Airbus ACJ319 business jet,[124] accommodating 19 people.[125] It features a mix of private suites and seating, a lounge, a dining area, and bathrooms with full-height showers.[126]

Emirates SkyCargo

[edit]
An Emirates SkyCargo Boeing 777F arriving at Heathrow Airport

Emirates SkyCargo is the cargo division of Emirates. It began operations in October 1985, the same year Emirates was formed, and launched its aircraft services in 2001 with a Boeing 747 Freighter. It serves 10 exclusive cargo destinations, besides others in common with the Emirates passenger network.[127] During the 2020 pandemic, SkyCargo also began to operate 777-300ER and A380 passenger aircraft as preighters to expand their total cargo capacity.[128] In 2022, Emirates ordered 5 more Boeing 777 freighters, up from their 11 at the time.[129]

Fleet

[edit]
An Airbus A380 at Perth Airport
A Boeing 777-300ER at Hamburg Airport

As of January 2026, Emirates operates a fleet of 260 passenger aircraft and 11 cargo aircraft operated by Emirates SkyCargo.[1] Emirates currently has 116 Airbus A380s and 129 Boeing 777s, including 10 777-200LRs and 119 777-300ERs, making them the largest operator of both types.[130] The airline also has 16 Airbus A350-900s, and one Airbus A319 as an executive jet (this is painted in a plain white livery). Emirates has had no narrow-body aircraft in its mainline fleet since 1995.

In July 2014, Emirates finalized an order for 150 Boeing 777X aircraft, consisting of 35 777-8s and 115 777-9s,[131] and was expected to become the launch operator for the 777X in mid 2020.[132] In November 2017, it signed a commitment for 40 787-10s,[133] but by early 2019, it was considering cancelling this order because engine margins were insufficient for the hot Dubai weather, in favour of the Airbus A350.[134]

In February 2019, Emirates signed a memorandum of understanding with Airbus for 40 A330-900s and 30 A350-900s, while reducing its total A350 order to eight[135] (with the last one to be delivered in 2022)[136] after which Airbus planned to permanently cease production of the A380. Emirates received the final A380 (registration A6-EVS) built by Airbus on 16 December 2021. It was the 123rd A380 to join the fleet. The delivery officially marked the end of the Airbus A380 production 14 years after the first delivery to Singapore Airlines in 2007.[137]

In November 2019, Emirates announced an order of 50 A350-900s worth US$16 billion that superseded the February memorandum of understanding.[138] Also in November 2019, Emirates placed an order for 30 Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners for a value of US$8.8 billion, while reducing its order of 777Xs from 150 to 126.[139]

In December 2019, Emirates clarified that 11 of its 777X orders were subject to reconfirmation, but the overall number of orders had not been reduced.[140] Being the largest operator of the A380, Emirates maintains its fleet via the MRO subsidiary of Safran, OEMServices.[141]

On 13 November 2023, at the Dubai Airshow, Emirates finalized an order of 90 777X aircraft worth US$52 Billion, including 50 Boeing 777-9 aircraft and 35 Boeing 777-8 aircraft. This brings the total Boeing 777X backlog to 205 aircraft. Another 5 Boeing 787 Dreamliners were ordered, growing Emirates' 787 backlog to 35 – while converting 30 787-9s to 20 787-8 and 10 787-10 aircraft.[142]

On 16 November 2023, also at the Dubai Airshow, Emirates ordered an additional 15 Airbus A350-900s worth US$6 billion, bringing the total of A350-900s ordered by Emirates to 65.[143] The first A350-900 was delivered on November 25, 2024.[144] A350 services began on 4 January 2025, with an inaugural flight to Edinburgh.

On 18 April 2025, it was announced that Emirates would be receiving Airbus A350-900 outfitted with seating for ultra long haul flights, capable of flying over 15 hours non-stop with a range of over 14,000 km (8,699 mi; 7,559 nmi). Adelaide will be the first city served, replacing the current Boeing 777-200LR aircraft serving the city.[145]

On 19 November 2025, at the Dubai Airshow 2025, Emirates announced a top-up order for 8 additional A350-900 aircraft worth US$3.4 billion, bringing the total Emirates A350-900 order to 73 with 13 already delivered at the time.[3]

Livery

[edit]

First livery (1985–1999)

[edit]
A now-retired Airbus A300-600R painted in the airline's first livery

The first livery of Emirates, created by Negus & Negus, was similar to the second livery, except that the company name "Emirates" was written in a different font; it was relatively smaller, located on the top of the windows; and it was followed by the company name in Arabic. All aircraft wearing the first-generation livery were either repainted or retired. This livery was retired by 2005 as the last aircraft with the first generation livery (an Airbus A310-300) was repainted to the second generation livery.

Second livery (1999–2023)

[edit]
A Boeing 777-300ER painted in the airline's second livery

The second Emirates livery, which featured a UAE flag on the vertical stabilizer and a white fuselage, with the golden word "Emirates" painted on the upper fuselage, was introduced in November 1999 on the Boeing 777-300 and the Airbus A330-200, as well as all other aircraft that were delivered from November 1999 onward. The livery rolled out shortly after in 2000 on the rest of the Emirates fleet, and Emirates repainted all aircraft to this livery by 2005. The second Emirates livery also kept the Arabic company name, but the font size was smaller than the one from the first Emirates livery. The Emirates logo in Arabic is painted gold on all engines. The livery was updated in 2005 when the red word "Emirates" was introduced and painted on the belly of the fuselage.

Current livery (2023–present)

[edit]
An Airbus A380 painted in the current livery

On 16 March 2023, Emirates revealed its new livery. The livery features a more dynamic, flowing design of the UAE flag on the tailfin with a 3D effect. The wingtips are now painted red, displaying the Emirates logo in white Arabic calligraphy. Passengers with window seats can see the UAE flag colors painted on the inside of the wingtips, facing the fuselage.[146]

The airline's Airbus A350s will also include the updated UAE flag on the inner side of the winglets.

Services

[edit]
Old First class private suites on an Emirates A380
Emirates' new business class seat on Boeing 777
Emirates' old 10-abreast economy class cabin
The old shower spa on an Emirates A380, available to first class passengers only
Emirates' old business class cabin
The old on-board bar on one of Emirates' A380s

Cabin

[edit]
First class

The two types of first class seating are the fully enclosed suite with a floor-to-ceiling door and a private suite with doors that close but do not extend to the ceiling. Both suites come complete with closing doors to ensure privacy, a minibar, a coat rack, and storage. They also feature the ICE in-flight entertainment system on a 23-inch-wide (58 cm) LCD screen in the private suites and a 32-inch-wide (81 cm) on the fully enclosed suite. The seat converts into a 2-metre-long (79 in) fully flat bed. Private suites are available on three-class and four-class Airbus A380-800 and three-class Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.[147] The fully enclosed suites are available only on newly delivered Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.[148]

On its newly delivered Airbus A380-800, first class features private suites,[149] two shower-equipped lavatories and a spa,[150] and access to the first/business class bar area and lounge.[151] Premium class seating is located on the entire upper deck of the aircraft.

Emirates introduced a new first-class cabin for its Boeing 777-300ER fleet on 12 November 2017[152] and first flights to Brussels and Geneva on 1 December 2017. The new first-class cabin is configured with six suites on a 1-1-1 layout. Both of the middle suites are equipped with three virtual windows, which are high-definition LCD screens that relay real-time images using HD cameras on either side of the aircraft. Amenities include two minibars placed on either side of the entertainment screen, a 13-inch tablet with a front camera to communicate with the cabin crew and to order room service, and a panel to control the lighting and temperature inside the suite. Emirates has also introduced a new seat in collaboration with Mercedes-Benz, which features a new zero-gravity position.[153][154] The suites are expected to resemble "a private bedroom on a luxury yacht".[155]

Business class

Business class on Boeing 777-200LRs and Boeing 777-300ERs feature seats with a 1.5-metre-long (60 in) pitch that reclines to 2-metre-long (79 in), angled lie-flat beds.[156] Amenities include a massage function, privacy partition, winged headrest with six-way movement, two individual reading lights, and an overhead light per seat; in-seat power supply, USB ports, and an RCA socket for laptop connection; and over 600 channels of entertainment on the ICE system, shown on a 23 in-wide (58 cm) HD TV screen.[157]

On Airbus A380-800 aircraft,[158] the seats recline to form a fully flat bed and are equipped with personal minibars. The unique staggered layout makes half of the business-class seats on Emirates A380[159] 23 cm (9 in) shorter than the others, at only 1.8 m (70 in) long.[160] Business class passengers also have access to an on-board bar at the rear of the aircraft.[156][161]

Premium economy class

In December 2020, it was announced that Emirates' new Premium economy cabin would be equipped with Recaro PL3530 seats which were designed exclusively for the airline.[162]

The seats offer a pitch of up to 40 in (101 cm), a recline of 8 in (20 cm) and measure 19.5 in (49 cm) wide. All seats are equipped with a 13.3 in (33 cm) entertainment screen using the Emirates ICE system.[163]

Currently, 22 Airbus A380 aircraft in the Emirates fleet have the new premium economy class cabin. These seats are also set to be retrofitted on the airline's older Boeing 777-300ERs and Airbus A380s as part of a retrofit program of US$2 billion that began at the end of 2022; by the end of the program, 67 Airbus A380s and 53 Boeing 777s will be fitted with premium economy.[164][165]

Economy class

Emirates economy class offers a 79–81-centimetre-long (31–32 in) seat pitch on Airbus aircraft and 86 cm (34 in) on Boeing aircraft, with standard seat width (except on the Boeing 777 fleet). Emirates has 10 seats per row on its Boeing 777 fleet. The seat features adjustable headrests, a 3000-channel ICE system, and in-seat laptop power outlets on newer aircraft and laptop recharging facilities in galleys in older aircraft. Additional recline is available on A380 economy-class seats.[166][167][168]

Catering

[edit]
An appetizer served in business class on Emirates
An on-board meal served in economy class

Catering on Emirates flights from Dubai International is provided by Emirates Flight Catering, which operates one of the largest airline catering facilities in the world.[169] Emirates also offers special meal options, in all classes, based on age, dietary restrictions and preference, and religious observance. Special meals must be ordered in advance at least 24 hours before the flight departure time. All meals are prepared according to Halal dietary guidelines.[170] In June 2018, Emirates signed a $40 million joint venture with Oakland-based Crop One Holdings, to build and maintain the world's largest hydroponic growing facility. It would provide daily yields of roughly 3 tons of leafy greens per day to all flights, with a near 150,000-square-foot (14,000 m2) indoor, vertical farm.[171]

In-flight entertainment system (IFE)

[edit]

Emirates became one of the first airlines in the world to introduce a personal entertainment system on commercial aircraft in 1992, with Virgin Atlantic introducing a similar system throughout all cabins of its aircraft.[172] All three classes feature a personal IFE system in the Emirates aircraft. There are two types of entertainment systems in Emirates: ICE and ICE Digital Widescreen.

In 2012, Emirates introduced larger high-definition IFE screens in all classes. The new IFE is the first to be fully high definition, and in economy, the screens are the largest offered by any airline. The new IFE will only be installed on the Airbus A380 fleet and the newly delivered Boeing 777s.[173]

In-flight entertainment system (ICE)

[edit]
An Emirates economy class seat equipped with the ICE (information, communication, entertainment) in-flight entertainment system

ICE (information, communication, entertainment) is the in-flight entertainment system operated by Emirates.

Introduced in 2003, ICE is available on all new aircraft and now features 4,000 channels (on most flights) for all passengers.[174] ICE is found on the airline's Airbus A350-900, Airbus A380-800, Boeing 777-200LR, and Boeing 777-300ER.[175]

In July 2007, Emirates introduced ICE Digital Widescreen, an updated version of ICE. It offered over 1200 channels of selected entertainment to all passengers. ICE Digital Widescreen is available on all Emirates aircraft.[176]

In 2015, Emirates upgraded ICE to the new eX3 version, which included new upgrades that improved the passenger experience, such as a handset with more controls, larger screens, new sockets, some 3,500 channels of movies, TV shows, music, and games on-demand and in multiple languages, new ICE features, such as a Voyager app, Bluetooth audio, and personal video playback. This is fitted on all B777 and A380 aircraft delivered after 2009.[177][178] The redesigned version, based on Thales's AVANT Up, was introduced in 2025 with its first A350 delivery.[179]

According to Emirates, ICE has received more awards than any other airline in the world for inflight entertainment.[180]

Information

The system is based on the 3000i system from Panasonic Avionics Corporation. ICE provides passengers with a direct data link to BBC News. ICE is the first IFE system to be connected directly to automatic news updates. This is complemented by ICE's Airshow moving-map software from Rockwell Collins. Exterior cameras located on the aircraft can be viewed by any passenger through the IFE system during takeoff, cruise, and landing. Emirates was also one of the first airlines to introduce a high-speed, in-flight internet service along with Singapore Airlines, by installing the Inmarsat's satellite system and became the second airline in the world to offer live international television broadcasts using the same system.[181]

Communication

ICE has a link to an in-flight email server, which allows passengers to access, send, or receive emails for US$1 per message.[182] ICE also supports a seat-to-seat chat service. In November 2006, the airline signed a deal with mobile communications firm AeroMobile to allow in-flight use of mobile phones to call or text people on the ground. The service was first introduced in March 2008.[183]

Entertainment

The ICE system includes movies, music, and video games. ICE offers over 600 on-demand movie titles, over 2000 video on demand and prerecorded television channels, over 1000 hours of music, and over 100 video game titles. ICE can be accessed in more than 40 languages, including English, French, German, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Hindi, Urdu, Persian, Korean, Tamil, Thai, Dutch, Swedish, Italian, and Japanese.[184] Since 2003, all entertainment options are available on demand to all classes with options to pause, forward, and rewind them.

Emirates began to offer docking capability for Apple Inc.'s iPod portable music and video player in mid 2007. This enabled the device's battery to be charged and integrated with ICE, which could then play music, television shows, or movies stored on the iPod and function as a control system. This feature was removed from Emirates aircraft starting in the late 2010s due to the iPod being discontinued.[185]

Business model

[edit]
Emirates aircraft parked at Dubai International Airport

Established network carriers in Europe and Australia, such as Air France-KLM, British Airways, Lufthansa, and Qantas, see Emirates' strategic decision to reposition itself as a global carrier as a major threat because it enables travelers to bypass traditional airline hubs such as London-Heathrow, Paris-CDG, and Frankfurt on their way between Europe/North America and Asia/Australia by changing flights in Dubai instead. These carriers also find it difficult to deal with the growing competitive threat Emirates poses to their business because of their much higher cost base.[186][187] Some of these carriers, notably Air France and Qantas, have accused Emirates of receiving hidden state subsidies and maintaining too close of a relationship with Dubai's airport authority and its aviation authority, both of which are also wholly state-owned entities that share the same government owner with the airline. Qantas' chairman claimed that Emirates can reduce its borrowing costs below market rates by taking advantage of its government shareholders' sovereign borrower status.[23] Emirates' president disagrees and has also referred to United States airlines bankruptcy protection as being a tangible form of state assistance. The airline makes regular profits.[188] In 2016, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and United Airlines made similar claims, as well as stating that Emirates violates Open Skies, but these conflicts were resolved in May 2018.[189][190]

In May 2010, Emirates executives denied claims that the carrier does not pay taxes and receives substantial financial assistance from the Dubai government. They claimed that the airline received $80m in cash in the 25 years since the airline was established and this was substantially lower than what other national carriers had received. Maurice Flanagan also claimed that Emirates incurred social costs of around $600m in 2009, and this included municipal taxes to the city of Dubai. The airline also paid a dividend of AED 956m (US$260m) in 2010, compared to AED2.9bn ($793m) in 2009, and each year the Government has received at least $100m in dividends.[191] Emirates also faces competition from other Middle Eastern airlines, mainly Qatar Airways and Abu Dhabi–based Etihad Airways.[192]

Sustainability

[edit]

In its efforts to reduce carbon emissions, the Emirates started exploring the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for its fleet since 2017. The airline has partnered with the world's leading biodiesel producers such as Neste, a Finnish producer of sustainable aviation fuel, as well as Shell Aviation. In January 2023, the airline conducted a successful demonstration flight of a Boeing 777-300ER using 100 percent SAF in one of its two engines. In November of the same year, Emirates conducted another demonstration flight of an Airbus A380 using 100 percent SAF in one of the airplane's four engines.[193][194] Following successful tests, Emirates operated its first commercial flight using SAF blend on October 24, 2023, on Emirates flight EK 412 from Dubai to Sydney, Australia using an Airbus A380.[195]

Currently, the airline has suppliers set up to supply its flights with SAF in several airports around the world including Paris, Lyon, Oslo, Amsterdam, London, Singapore and its home base in Dubai.[196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204]

Accidents and incidents

[edit]

Emirates has experienced several aircraft incidents (none with passenger or crew fatalities).

  • On 9 April 2004, Emirates Flight 764, an Airbus A340-300 operating from Johannesburg to Dubai, sustained serious damage during takeoff when it overran runway 03L, striking runway 21R approach lights, causing four tires to burst, which threw debris into various parts of the aircraft, ultimately damaging the flap drive mechanism. This rendered the flaps immovable in the takeoff position. The aircraft returned for an emergency landing during which the normal braking system failed as a result of the damage. The aircraft was brought to a stop only 250 m (820 ft) from the end of the 3,400-metre (11,200 ft) runway using reverse thrust and the alternative braking system.[205][206] In their report, South African investigators found that the captain had used a wrong take-off technique, and criticized Emirates' training and rostering practices.[207]
  • On 20 March 2009, Emirates Flight 407, an Airbus A340-500 registered A6-ERG en route from Melbourne to Dubai, failed to take off properly at Melbourne Airport, hitting several structures at the end of the runway before eventually climbing enough to return to the airport for a safe landing. There were no injuries, but the incident was severe enough to be classified as an accident by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau.[208]
  • On 3 August 2016, Emirates Flight 521, a Boeing 777-300 registered A6-EMW and arriving from Trivandrum International Airport crash-landed and caught fire at Dubai International Airport at 12:44 pm local time. All 282 passengers and 18 crew on board survived the impact with 32 injuries (4 seriously) reported. However, an airport firefighter died fighting the blaze. The aircraft was destroyed by the fire.[209] Flight 521 was the first hull loss in the history of Emirates.
  • On 14 April 2020, an Emirates Boeing 777-300ER registered A6-EBR was struck by a British Airways Airbus A350-1000 (G-XWBA) on the ground while the A350 was pushing back from the gate for departure. No casualties were reported, however, the horizontal stabilizers on both aircraft were damaged as a result of the collision.
  • On 20 December 2021, Emirates Flight 231, a Boeing 777-300ER registered as A6-EQI, departing Dubai International Airport towards Washington Dulles, nearly overran the runway during takeoff, flying at only 75 ft (23 m) over houses located near the airport.[citation needed][210][211] The aircraft was not damaged and there were no injuries.[212] The incident remains under investigation.[213][214]
  • On 1 July 2022, Emirates Flight 430, an Airbus A380-842 registered as A6-EVK departed Dubai International Airport towards Brisbane Airport. During the cruise, one of the aircraft's 22 tires experienced a rupture, which caused damage to a portion of the aerodynamic fairing. The plane landed safely in Brisbane and there were no fatalities.[215]
  • On 27 March 2024, an Airbus A380 suffered serious damage after it was hit by an emergency vehicle on the tarmac of Moscow Domodedovo International Airport.[216]
  • On 28 March 2024, an Emirates Boeing 777 narrowly avoided a collision with an Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 737 MAX over Somaliland.[217]
  • On 20 May 2024, Emirates Flight 508, a Boeing 777-300ER, suffered a bird strike before landing at Mumbai.[218] While there were no injuries among passengers and crew, the plane suffered substantial damage and at least 36 flamingos were killed in the strike while the plane was flying over the Ghatkopar suburban region of Mumbai. An alternative aircraft was arranged for the return flight, and the plane was later repaired and put back into service.[219]
  • On 15 June 2024, Emirates Flight 262, an Airbus A380-861 registered as A6-EUL aborted the takeoff from runway 09L at São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport, SP (GRU) after an engine on the left side surged while the flight crew applied takeoff thrust.[220]
  • On 25 September 2024, Emirates Flight 547, a Boeing 777-300ER operating from Chennai International Airport to Dubai International Airport, began to emanate smoke when the refueling process was underway. Fire trucks were quickly rushed to the aircraft to extinguish the smoke. All passengers who were boarding were made to disembark the aircraft. The Dubai-bound flight was eventually delayed to 12:15 AM the next day.[221]
  • On October 20, 2025, Emirates SkyCargo Flight 9788 operated by Air ACT suffered a runway excursion at Hong Kong International Airport, which then led to a collision with a ground vehicle. All 4 onboard the plane survived. 2 people on the ground were killed.

Controversies

[edit]

Emirates has received criticism for their treatment of staff, which Emirates has disputed and is declining year over year.[222] On September 23, 2016, an Italian man sued the airline after being squashed by an obese man for 9 hours.[223] In 2019, an Australian woman filed an unsuccessful lawsuit against Emirates for not providing her water, leading her to collapse during a long-haul flight.[224]

In August 2022, Emirates suspended its flights to Nigeria[225] after it got into a dispute with the government of Nigeria over the repatriation of an undisclosed amount of money from the country. The dispute has since been resolved and in June 2024, the airline resumed its regular flights to the West African nation.[226] Emirates has been sued twice in 2023 for deceptive advertising, once by a New Zealand male passenger and again two months later by a British energy trader.[227][228] The New Zealand case was awarded in favor of the passenger, and the British case is ongoing.[229][228][227]

In August 2023, a Pakistani man sued Emirates for PKR 5,000,000 claiming that the airline's service was extremely poor and below international standards.[230] On June 13, 2024, the United States government fined Emirates for $1.8 million for operating flights carrying JetBlue Airways' designator code below 32,000 feet (9,800 m) over prohibited airspace in Iraq.[231] On November 25, 2024, a Ghanaian businessman, Djanie Kotey filed a lawsuit against Emirates, but was dismissed.[232] On December 6, 2024, Emirates was sued by TAF Africas CEO Jake Epelle for NGN 150 million over human rights violations.[233]

Emirates is one of the few foreign airlines still serving Russia after major carriers pulled out of the country amid sweeping sanctions over the Ukraine war, leading to criticism as a result.[234][235]

See also

[edit]
  • Etihad Airways
  • Dubai International Airport
  • Emirates Flight Training Academy
  • List of airlines of the United Arab Emirates
  • List of airports in the United Arab Emirates

Notes

[edit]
  • A Emirates moved its operations to its dedicated Terminal 3 at Dubai International Airport on 14 October 2008.
  • B The number of destinations does not include cargo-only destinations.
  • C The Emirates Group does not publish figures separately for Emirates SkyCargo or Emirates, both companies' financial results are aggregated.
  1. ^ Arabic: طَيَران الإمارات DMG: Ṭayarāan Al-Imārāt
  2. ^ "Profit attributable to the Owner"
  3. ^ "seat factor"

References

[edit]
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Bibliography

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Further reading

[edit]
  • "Emirates – 25 Years of Excellence: Building a global network". Airliner World. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing: 28–37. October 2010. ISSN 1465-6337. (Airliner World online)
[edit]
  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata

 

Reviews for Helicopter Ride and Tours Dubai


Helicopter Ride and Tours Dubai, Al Warsan Building - near Media Rotana, Ground Floor - Al Thanyah First - Barsha Heights - Dubai - United Arab Emirates

Cristina Farrugia

(5)

We booked this as a surprise for my son's birthday and we nailed it - he loved the thrill of the helicopter ride itself, but also the spectacular views from above. The pilot was very friendly and knowledgeable. We learned so much more about Abu Dhabi than we would have ever done from walking around - and the views from above of the Mosque and of the palaces are unmatched.It is MUST experience in Abu Dhabi.

Helicopter Ride and Tours Dubai, Al Warsan Building - near Media Rotana, Ground Floor - Al Thanyah First - Barsha Heights - Dubai - United Arab Emirates

Bhaskara Rao Molleti

(5)

Excellent ride experience, super view of Dubai with safety .

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Frequently Asked Questions

A Helicopter Tour Dubai can last anywhere from 12 minutes to over 60 minutes depending on the route you choose.

Yes, you can book a private Helicopter Tour Dubai for exclusive flights, proposals, or special occasions.

Helicopter Tour Dubai usually starts from major heliports such as Atlantis The Palm, Dubai Police Academy, or Expo City Dubai.