Charter Bus Rentals Vancouver

Charter Bus Rentals Vancouver

Casino shuttle

Your coordinator can also help with scheduling, ensuring you've got enough time for all your planned activities without feeling rushed. Learn more about Charter Bus Rentals Vancouver here Before hitting the road, each driver undergoes a comprehensive background check and regular training sessions to ensure they're up to date with the latest safety practices and emergency response techniques. This means you won't pay for more than what you need. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a school outing, or a private tour, they've got you covered.
Moreover, we don't just rest on the laurels of our existing fleet; we're constantly updating and maintaining our buses to meet and exceed the highest standards. Learn more about Charter Bus Rentals in Vancouver, BC here. Private group transport Instead, you and your group can sit back, relax in plush seats, and soak in the scenic views of Vancouver's landscapes. Casino shuttle You decide the pace, the places, and the people.
We're constantly updating our fleet to ensure you're riding in the most environmentally friendly vehicles available. You're not just passing through; you're immersing yourself in the essence of Vancouver. Event transportation But it's not just about comfort.
With their user-friendly platform, you're just a few clicks away from having your transportation needs sorted, allowing you to focus on the event itself. It's not just about getting from point A to B; it's about creating an experience that enhances team cohesion and morale. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a school trip, or a private tour around Vancouver, they've got you covered.

Star Coach's fleet ensures you travel in luxury, with plush seating, onboard amenities, and panoramic windows that invite the breathtaking city and landscapes inside. Imagine planning your next trip or event in Vancouver, and you're looking for luxury transportation. We're committed to providing a seamless booking experience, mirroring the exceptional quality of travel you can expect with us. You'll find their responsiveness is unmatched.

Imagine not worrying about navigating through traffic or finding parking in the bustling city. On the other hand, their minibuses are perfect for navigating the city's bustling streets, offering easy access to all the sights and sounds without the hassle of parking large vehicles. Moreover, the layout of the seats is thoughtfully arranged to enhance your travel experience.

You'll sink into plush seating, enjoy ambient lighting, and have access to state-of-the-art entertainment systems.

Tour bus rental

  • Hourly bus rental
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus transportation
  • Group tour bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus hire
  • Bus charter
  • Team travel
  • Safe bus rental
  • Mini coach rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Crew shuttle
This form guides you through each step, ensuring you don't miss any vital information.

Casino shuttle

  1. Metro Vancouver
  2. Event transportation
  3. Tour bus rental
  4. Shuttle service
  5. Bus charter
  6. Team travel
  7. Safe bus rental
  8. Mini coach rental
  9. Sport team transportation
  10. Bus rental for tours
  11. Greater Vancouver
  12. Crew shuttle
  13. Hourly bus rental
  14. Charter vehicle
  15. Bus transportation
  16. Group tour bus
  17. Vancouver BC
  18. Downtown bus rental
  19. Bus hire
These aren't your typical gas-guzzlers; they're modern vehicles powered by alternative fuels and advanced systems that significantly reduce emissions.

You've got high-speed Wi-Fi at your fingertips, allowing you to work or play without a hitch. After exploring what makes Star Coach Bus Rentals a trusted choice for travelers, it's time to see how they can elevate your Vancouver adventure. Star Coach redefines bus travel, turning what was once merely a mode of transportation into an indulgent escape.

Event shuttles

  1. Event transportation
  2. Tour bus rental
  3. Shuttle service
  4. Bus charter
  5. Team travel
  6. Safe bus rental
  7. Mini coach rental
  8. Sport team transportation
  9. Bus rental for tours
  10. Greater Vancouver
  11. Crew shuttle
  12. Hourly bus rental
  13. Charter vehicle
  14. Bus transportation
  15. Group tour bus
  16. Vancouver BC
  17. Downtown bus rental
  18. Bus hire
  19. Bus driver service
  20. Charter shuttle service
Executive bus charter

Event Transportation Vancouver

Vancouver has hosted many international conferences and events, including the 1954 Commonwealth Games, UN Habitat I, Expo 86, APEC Canada 1997, the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009; several matches of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup including the finals at BC Place in downtown Vancouver, and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics which were held in Vancouver and Whistler, a resort community 125 km (78 mi) north of the city. In 1969, Greenpeace was founded in Vancouver. The city became the permanent home to TED conferences in 2014.

Citations and other links

Vancouver Coach Rental

You're probably wondering what sets these buses apart from the standard fare. They monitor traffic conditions in real time, adapting as needed to keep your arrival on schedule. Choosing Star Coach means you're not just selecting a mode of transportation; you're opting for a service that understands the importance of variety, quality, and reliability. They're responsive, understanding, and flexible, ready to accommodate your specific needs and schedules. Charter transportation When you're planning a corporate event or organizing travel for a large group, you want the assurance that transportation will be the least of your worries.
Moreover, opting for Star Coach means you're choosing a fleet that's been curated with variety in mind. You still enjoy modern, comfortable buses equipped with all the necessary amenities to make your journey pleasant. High-speed Wi-Fi connectivity onboard ensures you're always connected, whether it's for streaming entertainment, catching up on work, or sharing your adventure on social media. Star Coach seems to have a knack for making each client feel like their needs are a top priority.
You won't have to worry about fitting everyone in one vehicle or making multiple trips. They listen closely to your preferences and requirements, ensuring every detail aligns with your expectations. Read more about Charter Bus Rentals Vancouver here Star Coach's legacy in the Vancouver bus rental market is built on decades of reliable service and customer satisfaction. Our team is ready to accommodate your needs, ensuring your journey with us is nothing short of perfect.
If the quote aligns with your budget, you can proceed to book your bus online. Senior group travel Plus, their team is available around the clock to assist with any changes or last-minute requests, making your corporate travel not just efficient but also adaptable to any unforeseen needs. You've probably experienced your fair share of group travel nightmares, where the only luxury was a window seat. Here, you'll find an intuitive interface that guides you through selecting your luxury bus option.

Sightseeing bus
Vancouver Coach Rental
Vancouver Sightseeing Tours By Bus

Vancouver Sightseeing Tours By Bus

Star Coach's luxury fleet stands out in Vancouver, offering you unparalleled comfort and style for your travels. Wrapping up, these testimonials paint a vivid picture of why choosing Star Coach is more than just hiring a bus service-it's about ensuring a comfortable, safe, and enjoyable journey for everyone involved. You'll find each vehicle in their fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced GPS tracking, to keep you on the safest route and allow for real-time location updates. And with sleek design aesthetics coupled with onboard amenities that cater to every need, you'll find yourself questioning if there's any better way to navigate Vancouver's rich tapestry of experiences.

Bus excursion

  1. Tour bus rental
  2. Shuttle service
  3. Bus charter
  4. Team travel
  5. Safe bus rental
  6. Mini coach rental
  7. Sport team transportation
  8. Bus rental for tours
  9. Greater Vancouver
  10. Crew shuttle
  11. Hourly bus rental
  12. Charter vehicle
  13. Bus transportation
  14. Group tour bus
  15. Vancouver BC
  16. Downtown bus rental
  17. Bus hire
  18. Charter transportation
  19. Bus provider
  20. Executive bus charter


Our state-of-the-art buses utilize the latest in eco-technology, significantly reducing emissions compared to traditional travel methods.

Executive bus charter

  1. Charter vehicle
  2. Bus transportation
  3. Group tour bus
  4. Vancouver BC
  5. Downtown bus rental
  6. Bus hire
  7. Shuttle service
  8. Bus charter
  9. Team travel
  10. Safe bus rental
  11. Mini coach rental
  12. Sport team transportation
  13. Bus rental for tours
  14. Greater Vancouver
  15. Crew shuttle
Start by visiting our user-friendly website, where you'll find a simple-to-use booking form. But what truly sets them apart in the bustling bus rental market?

No problem. You'll find that every detail has been thoughtfully considered to ensure your journey isn't just a trip, but an experience. They nailed it.' His testimony highlights how Star Coach meets the high expectations of business clients while aligning with their values.

You're looking for value without compromise, and that's exactly what we deliver. We haven't forgotten about refreshments, either. Stick with us to uncover the layers of excellence that have clients singing their praises and why exploring Vancouver with Star Coach might just be the upgrade your travel plans need. Airport transfer

Luxury Group Bus Charter Vancouver

Understanding Star Coach Bus Rentals' competitive pricing models is key to recognizing the value they offer for any group transportation need. No problem. Our team uses advanced technology to map out the most efficient routes, ensuring you arrive at your destination not just on time, but with ease. They've designed their pricing structure with you in mind, ensuring that you get top-notch service without breaking the bank.

We've handpicked every coach for its advanced features, including plush seating, ample legroom, state-of-the-art entertainment systems, and climate control, to ensure your journey is as comfortable as it's memorable. You won't need designated drivers, and the party starts the moment you board. That's the reality with Star Coach's fleet.

If you opt for the online route, you'll find a simple form to fill out. Think professional, courteous drivers, onboard Wi-Fi to keep you connected, and even concierge services to cater to your every whim. Moreover, feedback is something they don't just welcome but actively seek out.

Your Star Coach experience doesn't just simplify travel; it enriches it. From the spacious interiors that redefine comfort to the advanced safety features ensuring your journey is as secure as it is enjoyable, these coaches offer a glimpse into a new kind of travel luxury. Bus provider There's ample legroom, so you can say goodbye to the cramped discomfort often associated with travel.

Airport transfer

  1. Metro Vancouver
  2. Event transportation
  3. Tour bus rental
  4. Shuttle service
  5. Bus charter
  6. Team travel
  7. Safe bus rental
  8. Mini coach rental
  9. Sport team transportation
  10. Bus rental for tours
  11. Greater Vancouver
  12. Crew shuttle
  13. Hourly bus rental
  14. Charter vehicle
  15. Bus transportation
  16. Group tour bus
  17. Vancouver BC
  18. Downtown bus rental
  19. Bus hire


Luxury Group Bus Charter Vancouver
Exclusive Limousine Coach Vancouver
Exclusive Limousine Coach Vancouver

Once you've decided on Vancouver as your destination, head over to our online platform. Whether you're eyeing their stylish fleet for a corporate event, a customized travel plan for a scenic tour, or the peace of mind that comes from their stringent safety protocols, Star Coach seems to have all the bases covered. Every driver in Star Coach's team brings years of experience and a proven track record of safety to ensure your travel is smooth and secure. You're not just booking a bus; you're securing peace of mind that your schedule is as important to them as it's to you.

Star Coach hasn't just focused on comfort; they've also prioritized safety. Lower Mainland BC Once you've decided on the perfect travel package, you won't have to jump through hoops to secure your reservation. Moreover, when you opt for luxury transportation, you're also choosing peace of mind.

Sightseeing bus

  • Bus charter
  • Team travel
  • Safe bus rental
  • Mini coach rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Crew shuttle
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus transportation
  • Group tour bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus hire
  • Sightseeing bus


She was thrilled with the attentive service, stating that the driver went above and beyond to ensure the bridal party felt comfortable and arrived on time.

Sightseeing bus

  • Metro Vancouver
  • Event transportation
  • Tour bus rental
  • Shuttle service
  • Bus charter
  • Team travel
  • Safe bus rental
  • Mini coach rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Crew shuttle
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus transportation
Star Coach's move to include Luxury Prevost H3-45 coaches in their fleet isn't just about offering top-tier comfort and style; it's a nod towards sustainability. Want to make a last-minute stop or adjust your route?

It's like having your personal entertainment center at your fingertips.

Executive bus charter

  1. Group tour bus
  2. Vancouver BC
  3. Downtown bus rental
  4. Bus hire
  5. Event transportation
  6. Tour bus rental
  7. Shuttle service
  8. Bus charter
  9. Team travel
  10. Safe bus rental
  11. Mini coach rental
  12. Sport team transportation
  13. Bus rental for tours
  14. Greater Vancouver
  15. Crew shuttle
  16. Hourly bus rental
  17. Charter vehicle
It's not just a ride; it's an experience crafted just for you. Everything from office paper to vehicle maintenance materials is recycled, ensuring minimal waste goes to landfills.

Exclusive Tour Bus Vancouver

Plus, if you have any questions or need to tailor your rental to specific requirements, Star Coach's customer support is just a call or an email away, ready to assist you with efficiency and friendliness. We don't believe in a one-size-fits-all approach; instead, we recognize the importance of personalization in creating memorable journeys. This isn't by accident. And for those longer journeys, there's no need to worry about your devices running low; power outlets and USB charging ports are within easy reach. Licensed bus operators
Now, let's explore the variety and sophistication of the fleet that sets Star Coach apart in luxury travel. Our system is designed to be transparent and easy to navigate, ensuring you won't waste a moment of your precious time. Each Star Coach vehicle is meticulously maintained and features the latest in technology and comfort.
And let's not forget the fun times! After experiencing the unmatched comfort of their rides, you'll also be impressed by the stylish fleet options Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals offers. Beyond their commitment to the environment, luxury buses in Vancouver offer an array of onboard amenities and comforts designed to enhance your travel experience.
Instead, sit back and enjoy the scenic views, or catch up on some work, making every moment productive or profoundly relaxing. Jen, a recent tourist, said, 'You're really getting the best of both worlds with Star Coach. The luxury and reliability they offer are unmatched.'Mark, who booked a tour for his photography club, says, 'The panoramic windows and spacious seating on the bus made our photo journey through Vancouver incredibly enjoyable.

Explore Charter Bus Rentals Vancouver here
Exclusive Tour Bus Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

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