Luxury Group Charter Vancouver

Luxury Group Charter Vancouver

Downtown bus rental

You'll find their commitment to comfort, style, and safety isn't just lip service; it's woven into the very fabric of their service. Learn more about Luxury Group Charter Vancouver here Your safety isn't just our priority; it's our promise. That's the experience our clients rave about. Its design maximizes every inch of space, so you can stretch out your legs, relax, and enjoy the journey without feeling boxed in. Learn more about Charter Bus Rentals in Vancouver, BC here. You'll find that each bus in their fleet boasts a sleek, modern design both inside and out.
At Star Coach, we're committed to providing you with a tailored luxury experience that exceeds your expectations. Blending comfort with luxury, the buses in our fleet redefine what it means to travel in style. But safety isn't the only priority; your comfort is equally paramount. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a school outing, or a luxurious tour around Vancouver's stunning landscapes, we've got you covered.
They'll map it out. How about entertainment systems for a long ride with kids? The seats, with their plush upholstery, aren't just seats; they're your personal comfort zones, adjustable and designed to ensure that even the longest journeys are a pleasure. It's all taken care of, allowing you to immerse fully in the adventure and breathtaking scenery.
Think champagne on ice, a red carpet service, and vehicles adorned with ribbons and flowers to match your wedding colors. While Star Coach's guided sightseeing tours offer a unique way to discover Vancouver, their corporate services are equally impressive, ensuring your business needs are met with the same level of excellence. They've mastered the art of personal touch, customizing trips to meet your specific needs. Charter vehicle Group transportation They've streamlined operations to cut down on unnecessary trips, reducing overall emissions.

Group transportation

  • Sightseeing bus
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus driver service
  • Travel coach
  • Bus transportation
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Airport transfer
  • Group tour bus
  • Bus services
  • Field trip bus
  • Charter transportation
  • Safe bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Vancouver
  • Transport charter
  • Custom bus rental
  • City tour bus

If your group has special requests, like onboard entertainment or Wi-Fi, they'll make it happen. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour, we've got a pricing plan that'll suit your needs. Specify your travel dates, number of passengers, and any specific requirements or preferences you have. Choosing Star Coach means you're not just getting from point A to point B; you're making the journey part of your love story. Instead, you can pick and choose the amenities and services that best fit your group's preferences and budget. Sightseeing bus

Imagine not having to worry about the logistics of your trip because you've got a team that's got it all covered. At Star Coach, your safety isn't just a priority; it's embedded in every aspect of their luxury bus rental service, ensuring a secure and worry-free journey from the moment you step aboard.

Group transportation

  1. Community bus service
  2. Motor coach rental
  3. Coach hire
  4. Hourly bus rental
  5. Bus hire
  6. Casino shuttle
  7. Bus for hire
  8. Bus line
  9. Luxury transportation
  10. Bus leasing
  11. Senior group travel
  12. Bus excursion
  13. Mini coach rental
  14. Luxury bus rental
  15. Vancouver region
Clients often rave about the seamless booking process, highlighting how easy and stress-free it makes organizing group travel. With their recent upgrade to include high-end buses, they're offering an experience that combines comfort with luxury, making it an enticing option for those looking to elevate their travel experience without compromising on practicality.

Payment is a breeze, too. Their commitment extends beyond the vehicles themselves to include the drivers. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a school trip, you'll find the perfect vehicle for your needs. First off, head to their website.

It's not just a bus ride; it's a luxury experience that redefines what bus travel can be in Vancouver. Imagine having the flexibility to choose your route, stops, and onboard amenities. They're constantly updating their practices to ensure they're as environmentally friendly as possible, from reducing paper use through digital bookings and communications to implementing efficient driving routes that cut down on fuel consumption. What sets Star Coach apart is their attention to detail.

Bus Rental Prices Vancouver

Vancouver has hosted many international conferences and events, including the 1954 Commonwealth Games, UN Habitat I, Expo 86, APEC Canada 1997, the World Police and Fire Games in 1989 and 2009; several matches of 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup including the finals at BC Place in downtown Vancouver, and the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics which were held in Vancouver and Whistler, a resort community 125 km (78 mi) north of the city. In 1969, Greenpeace was founded in Vancouver. The city became the permanent home to TED conferences in 2014.

Citations and other links

Exclusive Group Transportation Vancouver

Luxury bus rentals come with a level of service you'd expect from a high-end hotel.

Long-distance bus

  1. Transport services
  2. Comfortable bus rental
  3. Sightseeing bus
  4. Sport team transportation
  5. Bus driver service
  6. Travel coach
  7. Bus transportation
  8. Charter vehicle
  9. Bus rental for tours
  10. Airport transfer
  11. Group tour bus
  12. Bus services
  13. Field trip bus
  14. Charter transportation
  15. Safe bus rental
  16. Lower Mainland BC
With Star Coach's executive fleet, you're not just traveling; you're indulging in an experience that sets a new standard for bus rental in Vancouver. Bus transportation Instead, imagine your workforce arriving at conferences, meetings, or corporate retreats in the comfort and style of a luxury Prevost H3-45 coach. Whether you're organizing a large conference and require multiple buses or planning a smaller, more intimate event, Star Coach has options that fit within your financial parameters. Picture this: soft, reclining leather seats that let you sink into comfort as you gaze out through panoramic windows.

Star Coach makes these and many more destinations within your reach, ensuring your travels are as splendid as the sights you're set to explore. With a luxury bus, you're not bound by the typical constraints of public transport.

Travel coach

  • Bus transportation
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Airport transfer
  • Group tour bus
  • Bus services
  • Field trip bus
  • Charter transportation
  • Safe bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Vancouver
  • Transport charter
  • Custom bus rental
  • City tour bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus fleet
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Community bus service
And, with complimentary snacks and beverages served by attentive crew members, you'll feel well taken care of from start to finish. It's that simple.

You can forget about navigating through traffic or finding parking spots. For weddings, a luxury bus can transport your guests together, ensuring everyone arrives on time and in high spirits. Star Coach's luxury bus services cater to a wide range of events, ensuring your transportation needs are seamlessly covered, no matter the occasion. You won't be left hanging.

And don't worry, if you've got questions or need to adjust your plans, our customer service team is just a call or an email away. Our goal is to provide a seamless travel experience, where you can sit back, relax, and enjoy the journey, knowing that we're navigating the best path for you. With Star Coach, you're not just booking a luxury bus ride; you're choosing a safe, reliable, and worry-free travel experience. And it's not just about the destinations; it's about the journey too.

Exclusive Group Transportation Vancouver
High-End Bus Service Vancouver

High-End Bus Service Vancouver

Choosing Star Coach means you're not just getting a ride; you're ensuring a travel experience tailored to your group's size and comfort preferences, with a commitment to safety and satisfaction at its core. Bus rental for tours It's a touch of elegance that adds to the special day. With a fleet designed to impress, you'll find vehicles equipped to cater to every need, ensuring your trip is as seamless as it's luxurious. Their drivers are professionals who know the ins and outs of Vancouver, ensuring that you reach your destination efficiently, avoiding unnecessary delays.

Stepping into the luxury segment of bus rentals in Vancouver, the Prevost H3-45 presents an unparalleled blend of comfort and style. Booking your luxury bus rental in Vancouver has never been easier or more tailored to your preferences. It's a game-changer.

Their corporate packages aren't just about transporting you from point A to point B; they're about creating an experience.

Transport services

  1. Downtown bus rental
  2. Executive bus charter
  3. Bus travel
  4. Long-distance bus
  5. Crew shuttle
  6. Group transportation
  7. Festival shuttle
  8. Bus provider
  9. Corporate bus rental
  10. Private group transport
  11. Vancouver city
  12. Transport services
  13. Comfortable bus rental
  14. Sightseeing bus
  15. Sport team transportation
  16. Bus driver service
  17. Travel coach
In essence, luxury bus rentals in Vancouver provide a smart, sophisticated solution to your corporate travel dilemmas. It's yours.

Star Coach's Prevost H3-45 doesn't just keep you safe; its sleek design aesthetics ensure you travel in style, turning heads wherever you go. With Star Coach, your travel becomes more than a journey-it becomes an experience designed just for you.

Festival shuttle

  1. Mini coach rental
  2. Luxury bus rental
  3. Vancouver region
  4. School bus rental
  5. Minibus rental
  6. British Columbia
  7. Private bus rental
  8. Bus packages
  9. Shuttle service
  10. Tour transportation
  11. Event transportation
  12. Vancouver city
  13. Transport services
  14. Comfortable bus rental
  15. Sightseeing bus
Moreover, we're always prepared with alternative plans.

High-End VIP Bus Service Vancouver

With our executive fleet, you have the flexibility to customize your travel itinerary.

Transport services

  • School bus rental
  • Minibus rental
  • British Columbia
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Shuttle service
  • Tour transportation
  • Event transportation
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus driver service
  • Travel coach
  • Bus transportation
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Airport transfer
  • Group tour bus
  • Bus services
  • Field trip bus
  • Charter transportation
They're there to ensure your comfort, safety, and to enhance your travel experience with local insights and a friendly demeanor. That's the reality with these coaches. They've structured their pricing to ensure you get the most bang for your buck, making luxury bus rental in Vancouver both accessible and economical.
They also run special promotions and discounts at different times of the year, giving you the opportunity to save even more. If you prefer a more personal touch, their customer service team is just a phone call away, ready to assist you in customizing your trip to perfection. Each seat comes equipped with personal entertainment systems, ensuring you're entertained throughout your journey.
What's more, Star Coach adds special touches to make your day even more unforgettable. Each bus in their fleet isn't just a means of transportation; it's a statement of elegance and sophistication.

Sightseeing bus

  1. Vancouver BC
  2. Bus fleet
  3. Downtown Vancouver
  4. Community bus service
  5. Motor coach rental
  6. Coach hire
  7. Hourly bus rental
  8. Bus hire
  9. Casino shuttle
  10. Bus for hire
  11. Bus line
  12. Luxury transportation
  13. Bus leasing
  14. Senior group travel
  15. Bus excursion
Next, you'll input your trip details. Read more about Luxury Group Charter Vancouver here
Victoria itself, with its charming downtown and beautiful Butchart Gardens, becomes even more accessible and enjoyable. Each of these features works together to provide a safety net, giving you peace of mind as you enjoy the luxurious travel experience onboard Star Coach's Prevost H3-45 coaches. In short, Star Coach's dedication to exceptional customer service isn't just about meeting expectations; it's about exceeding them, ensuring that every aspect of your luxury bus rental experience in Vancouver is nothing short of spectacular. Long-distance bus

Transport services
High-End VIP Bus Service Vancouver
First-Class VIP Bus Service Vancouver
First-Class VIP Bus Service Vancouver

Each seat boasts its own high-definition screen, offering a selection of movies, TV shows, and music channels that cater to all ages and tastes. That's where Star Coach steps in. Executive bus charter Having explored the exceptional customer service that sets Star Coach apart, let's now focus on the versatile rental solutions they offer to meet any need you may have. With competitive pricing and a commitment to eco-friendly transportation, they cater to a wide array of events, solidifying their stellar reputation in the industry. And for those who prefer quiet time, noise-canceling headphones are provided to help you find your peace.

Whether you're planning a wedding, corporate event, or a night out with friends, a luxury bus rental in Vancouver offers the perfect transportation solution for every occasion. Whether you're organizing a corporate event, a wedding, or a group tour around Vancouver, Star Coach ensures your journey is seamless from start to finish. You'll find a detailed breakdown of what's included in your rental, ensuring you know exactly what you're paying for. We understand that the quality of your ride directly impacts your travel experience, which is why we're committed to providing nothing but the best.

Imagine sipping on a complimentary beverage as you move seamlessly from one sight to the next, with Wi-Fi keeping you connected and plush seating ensuring you're relaxed. At the heart of their dominance in the Vancouver bus rental market, you'll find Star Coach's unmatched fleet quality. You'll read about parents feeling secure as their kids head off on school trips and corporate clients impressed by the meticulous attention to safety protocols. Whether you're drawn to the serene landscapes of the Canadian Rockies or the vibrant city life, there's something for everyone in this diverse region.

Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour around Vancouver, Star Coach has a vehicle to match your needs. At Star Coach, we're deeply committed to reducing our environmental footprint, ensuring your travel is as green as possible. You've likely seen your fair share of luxury transport options, but what sets Star Coach apart isn't just its fleet of state-of-the-art buses. You'll simply head to their website, where a clear and concise booking form awaits you.

Vancouver Luxury VIP Coach

You'll find that their pricing model is transparent, with no hidden fees to catch you off guard. Choosing our luxury bus rentals means prioritizing your comfort and space, transforming your group travel experience from merely functional to genuinely enjoyable. Travel coach And for those who thirst for adventure, the outskirts offer unparalleled natural beauty, just a comfortable drive away. Plus, we offer special discounts for early bookings and repeat customers to make your experience even more rewarding. They're with you every step of the way, from pre-trip planning to post-trip follow-up, ensuring your experience is smooth and hassle-free.
Star Coach in Vancouver is putting this theory to the test, offering five-star bus rental experiences that aim to transform group travel into an unforgettable journey of comfort, luxury, and personalized exploration.

Vancouver city

  1. Bus leasing
  2. Senior group travel
  3. Bus excursion
  4. Mini coach rental
  5. Luxury bus rental
  6. Vancouver region
  7. School bus rental
  8. Minibus rental
  9. British Columbia
  10. Private bus rental
  11. Bus packages
  12. Shuttle service
  13. Tour transportation
  14. Event transportation
  15. Bus provider
  16. Corporate bus rental
  17. Private group transport
  18. Vancouver city
  19. Transport services
  20. Comfortable bus rental
Hearing directly from satisfied customers offers invaluable insight into Star Coach's exceptional service and reliability. They're trained in defensive driving techniques and emergency response to guarantee your peace of mind throughout the trip. Every bus in their fleet is equipped with Wi-Fi, power outlets, and comfortable seating, ensuring your team can stay connected and comfortable on the move.
From GPS tracking to state-of-the-art emergency systems, we've equipped our buses with the tools needed to respond effectively to any situation. High-speed Wi-Fi and power outlets at every seat mean you can keep your devices charged and stay in touch with the world outside, without skipping a beat.

Group transportation

  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus leasing
  • Senior group travel
  • Bus excursion
  • Mini coach rental
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Vancouver region
  • School bus rental
  • Minibus rental
  • British Columbia
  • Private bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Shuttle service
  • Tour transportation
  • Event transportation
  • Bus driver service
  • Travel coach
But it doesn't stop there. At Star Coach, we prioritize your safety above all, implementing robust measures to ensure a secure journey from start to finish.
The journey on a Star Coach bus transforms into an integral part of the experience, as you traverse lush landscapes and historical sights. It's simpler than you might think. They make sure you're well-informed and ready for your Star Coach experience, offering peace of mind from start to finish. You don't have to worry about the stress of finding the quickest path; we've got it covered. Vancouver city

Explore Luxury Group Charter Vancouver here
Vancouver Luxury VIP Coach
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

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The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

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Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
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  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

Frequently Asked Questions

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